mandarin

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See also: Mandarin and mandarín

English

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Portuguese mandarim, mandarij, from Malay menteri, manteri, and its source, Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् (mantrin, minister, councillor), from मन्त्र (mantra, counsel, maxim, mantra) +‎ -इन् (-in, an agent suffix). In Chinese folk etymology, the word originates from Mandarin 滿大人 / 大人 (Mǎndàrén, literally Manchu important man).

Noun

mandarin (plural mandarins)

  1. (historical) A high government bureaucrat of the Chinese Empire.
    • 1991, Chris Mullin, The Year of the Fire Monkey (Fiction), London: Chatto & Windus, →ISBN, →OCLC, page 252:
      LIKE THE MANDARINS of old, the rulers of China live behind high walls. When they emerge, which they rarely do, they travel in cars with rear windows curtained like sedan chairs.
      They live in the Chung Nan Hai, a walled park adjacent to the Forbidden City from where ancient dynasties ruled the Celestial Empire.
  2. A pedantic or elitist bureaucrat.
  3. (sometimes derogatory) A pedantic senior person of influence in academia or literary circles.
    • 1966 April 22, “The Beauty of His Malice”, in Time, archived from the original on 6 November 2012:
      Its sting preserved to literature a fierce peculiar genius who, in the 40 years before his death last week at 62, achieved recognition as the grand old mandarin of modern British prose and as a satirist whose skill at sticking pens in people rates him a roomy cell in the murderers’ row (Swift, Pope, Wilde, Shaw) of English letters.
    • 2021 June 23, Peter S. Canellos, “Why The ‘Trump Court’ Won’t Be Like Trump”, in Politico:
      When mandarins on the court pointed to obscure language in the Constitution to overturn a century of precedent and declare the income tax unconstitutional, Harlan sided with precedent
    • 2024 January 13, Boyd Tonkin, “The culture of copyright creep”, in FT Weekend, Life & Arts, page 9:
      When institutional mandarins such as this eminent pair set out to undermine the traditional basis for remunerating the products of the mind, you might expect a lowly scribe (such as your reviewer) to take umbrage.
  4. (ornithology) Ellipsis of mandarin duck.
  5. (informal, British) A senior civil servant.
Derived terms
Descendants
  • Irish: mandairín
Translations
The translations below need to be checked and inserted above into the appropriate translation tables. See instructions at Wiktionary:Entry layout § Translations.

Adjective

mandarin (comparative more mandarin, superlative most mandarin)

  1. Pertaining to or reminiscent of mandarins; deliberately superior or complex; esoteric, highbrow, obscurantist.
    • 1979, John Le Carré, Smiley's People, Folio Society, published 2010, page 58:
      A mandarin impassivity had descended over Smiley's face. The earlier emotion was quite gone.
    • 1997, Henry Louis Gates Jr., “The Passing of Anatole Broyard”, in Thirteen Ways of Looking at a Black Man, New York: Random House, pages 180–181:
      Broyard's columns were suffused with both worldliness and high culture. Wry, mandarin, even self-amused at times, he wrote like a man about town, but one who just happened to have all of Western literature at his fingertips.
    • 2007, Marina Warner, “Doubly Damned”, in London Review of Books, 29:3, p. 26:
      Though alert to riddles' strong roots in vernacular narrative, Cook's tastes are mandarin, and she gives a loving account of Wallace Stevens's meditations on the life of poetic images and simile .
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From French mandarine, feminine of mandarin, probably formed as Etymology 1, above, from the yellow colour of the mandarins' costume.

Noun

mandarin (plural mandarins)

  1. Ellipsis of mandarin orange:
    1. A small, sweet citrus fruit.
    2. A tree of the species Citrus reticulata.
  2. An orange colour.
    mandarin:  
Hypernyms
Translations

Further reading

Anagrams

Crimean Tatar

Etymology

Borrowed from Spanish mandarín.

Noun

mandarin

  1. mandarin (fruit)

Declension

Declension of mandarin
singular plural
nominative mandarin mandarinler
genitive mandarinniñ mandarinlerniñ
dative mandaringe mandarinlerge
accusative mandarinni mandarinlerni
locative mandarinde mandarinlerde
ablative mandarinden mandarinlerden

References

  • Mirjejev, V. A., Usejinov, S. M. (2002) Ukrajinsʹko-krymsʹkotatarsʹkyj slovnyk, Simferopol: Dolya, →ISBN

Danish

Etymology

From Portuguese mandarim.

Noun

mandarin c (singular definite mandarinen, plural indefinite mandariner)

  1. mandarin (Chinese Imperial bureaucrat)
  2. mandarin orange, mandarin (a small, sweet citrus fruit)

Inflection

Declension of mandarin
common
gender
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative mandarin mandarinen mandariner mandarinerne
genitive mandarins mandarinens mandariners mandarinernes

Noun

mandarin n

  1. Mandarin

References

Faroese

Etymology

From Danish mandarin, from Dutch mandorijn or Portuguese mandarim, mandarij, from Malay menteri, manteri, from Hindi मन्त्रि (mantri), from Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् (mantrin, minister, councillor), from मन्त्र (mantra, counsel, maxim, mantra) + -इन् (-in, an agent suffix).

Noun

mandarin f (genitive singular mandarinar, plural mandarinir)

  1. mandarin orange, mandarin (a small, sweet citrus fruit)

Declension

Noun

mandarin n (genitive singular mandarins)

  1. Mandarin

Declension

singular
indefinite
nominative mandarin
accusative mandarin
dative mandarini
genitive mandarins

See also

French

Pronunciation

Adjective

mandarin (feminine mandarine, masculine plural mandarins, feminine plural mandarines)

  1. mandarin (of the former Chinese empire)

Derived terms

Descendants

Noun

mandarin m (uncountable)

  1. Mandarin (language)

Further reading

Hungarian

 mandarin on Hungarian Wikipedia

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Hyphenation: man‧da‧rin
  • Rhymes: -in

Etymology 1

Internationalism mainly via German, originally from Portuguese mandarim, mandarij, from Malay menteri, manteri.

Noun

mandarin (countable and uncountable, plural mandarinok)

  1. (historical) mandarin
  2. Mandarin (language)
Declension
Possessive forms of mandarin
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. mandarinom mandarinjaim
2nd person sing. mandarinod mandarinjaid
3rd person sing. mandarinja mandarinjai
1st person plural mandarinunk mandarinjaink
2nd person plural mandarinotok mandarinjaitok
3rd person plural mandarinjuk mandarinjaik

Etymology 2

Internationalism mainly via German, probably formed as Etymology 1, above, from the yellow colour of the mandarins' costume.

Noun

mandarin (plural mandarinok)

  1. mandarin, mandarin orange (fruit and tree)
Declension
Possessive forms of mandarin
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. mandarinom mandarinjaim
2nd person sing. mandarinod mandarinjaid
3rd person sing. mandarinja mandarinjai
1st person plural mandarinunk mandarinjaink
2nd person plural mandarinotok mandarinjaitok
3rd person plural mandarinjuk mandarinjaik

References

  1. ^ mandarin in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

Indonesian

Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia id

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key):
  • Hyphenation: man‧da‧rin

Etymology 1

From Portuguese mandarim (mandarin), from Malay menteri (minister), from Sanskrit मन्त्री (mantrī, minister). Doublet of manti, mantri, and menteri.

Noun

mandarin (plural mandarin-mandarin)

  1. mandarin,
    1. (historical) a high government bureaucrat of the Chinese Empire
    2. Mandarin, the language of those official, which is the official language of China and Taiwan

Etymology 2

From English mandarin (mandarin orange), from French mandarine, feminine of mandarin, probably formed as Etymology 1, above, from the yellow colour of the mandarins' costume.

Noun

mandarin (plural mandarin-mandarin)

  1. mandarin orange

Further reading

Norwegian Bokmål

Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no
Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no
Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology

From Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् (mantrin, minister, councillor), Malay menteri, manteri, and Portuguese mandarim.

Noun

mandarin m (definite singular mandarinen, indefinite plural mandariner, definite plural mandarinene)

  1. (uncountable) Mandarin (official language in China)
  2. a mandarin ((formerly) a Chinese official; (now) a bureaucrat)
  3. (fruit) a mandarin or mandarin orange

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn
Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Etymology

From Sanskrit मन्त्रिन् (mantrin, minister, councillor), Malay menteri, manteri, and Portuguese mandarim.

Noun

mandarin m (definite singular mandarinen, indefinite plural mandarinar, definite plural mandarinane)

  1. (uncountable) Mandarin (official language in China)
  2. a mandarin ((formerly) a Chinese official; (now) a bureaucrat)
  3. (fruit) a mandarin or mandarin orange

References

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French mandarin.

Noun

mandarin m (plural mandarini)

  1. mandarin

Declension

Declension of mandarin
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative mandarin mandarinul mandarini mandarinii
genitive-dative mandarin mandarinului mandarini mandarinilor
vocative mandarinule mandarinilor

Serbo-Croatian

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /mandǎriːn/
  • Hyphenation: man‧da‧rin

Noun

mandàrīn m anim (Cyrillic spelling манда̀рӣн)

  1. mandarin (Chinese Imperial bureaucrat)

Declension

Declension of mandarin
singular plural
nominative mandàrīn mandarini
genitive mandarína mandarina
dative mandarinu mandarinima
accusative mandarina mandarine
vocative mandarine mandarini
locative mandarinu mandarinima
instrumental mandarinom mandarinima

Swedish

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv
mandariner (sense 1)

Etymology

Borrowed from Portuguese mandarim.

Noun

mandarin c or n

  1. (common) mandarin, mandarin orange
    Mandariner är inte lika lättskalade som clementiner
    Mandarins aren't as easy to peel as clementines
  2. (common, historical) mandarin; a high government bureaucrat of the Chinese Empire.
  3. (uncountable, neuter) Mandarin

Declension

Declension of mandarin 3
nominative genitive
singular indefinite mandarin mandarins
definite mandarinet mandarinets
plural indefinite
definite

Derived terms

See also

References