mast

English

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Mast

Wikipedia

Pronunciation

• (Received Pronunciation) enPR: mäst, IPA^(key): /mɑːst/
• (US, Canada, Northern England) IPA^(key): /mæst/
• Homophone: massed (/mæst/)

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ɑːst, -æst
• Rhymes: -æst

Etymology 1

From Middle English mast, from Old English mæst (“mast”), from Proto-West Germanic *mast, from Proto-Germanic *mastaz (“mast, sail-pole”), from Proto-Indo-European *mazdos (“pole, mast”). Cognate with Dutch mast, German Mast, and via Indo-European with Latin mālus, Russian мо́ст (móst, “bridge”), Irish adhmad.

Noun

mast (plural masts)

1. (nautical, communication, aviation) A tall, slim post or tower, usually tapering upward, used to support, for example, sails or observation platforms on a ship, the main rotor of a helicopter, flags, floodlights, meteorological instruments, or communications equipment, such as an aerial, usually supported by guy-wires (except in the case of a helicopter).
2. (naval) A non-judicial punishment ("NJP"); a disciplinary hearing under which a commanding officer studies and disposes of cases involving those under his command.

Hyponyms

(tall, slim post on a ship):

• cage mast
• foremast
• lattice mast
• mainmast
• military mast
• mizzenmast
• pagoda mast
• pole mast
• topmast
• tripod mast

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

mast (third-person singular simple present masts, present participle masting, simple past and past participle masted)

1. To supply and fit a mast to (a ship).

Derived terms

Translations

See also

Etymology 2

From Old English mæst (“fallen nuts, food for swine”) and mæstan (“to fatten”), from West Germanic; probably related to meat.

English Wikipedia has an article on:

Mast (botany)

Wikipedia

Noun

mast (countable and uncountable, plural masts)

1. The fruit of forest-trees (beech, oak, chestnut, pecan, etc.), especially if having fallen from the tree, used as fodder for pigs and other animals.
   • c. 1609, George Chapman, Homer, Prince of Poets :

     She shut them straight in sties, and gave them meat: / Oak-mast, and beech, and cornel fruit, they eat,

   • 1697, Virgil, “The Second Book of the Georgics”, in John Dryden, transl., The Works of Virgil: Containing His Pastorals, Georgics, and Æneis. , London: Jacob Tonson, , →OCLC, page 93, lines 755–756:

     The Winter comes, and then the falling Maſt, / For greedy Swine, provides a full repaſt.

   • 1715, Robert South, “A Sermon on Proverbs i. 32.”, in Twelve Sermons Preached at Several Times, and upon Several Occasions, volume IV, London: G. James, for Jonah Bowyer , →OCLC, pages 73–74:

     [T]hey feed and grovel like Swine under an Oak, filling themſelves with the Maſt, but never ſo much as looking up, either to the Bows that bore, or the Hands that ſhook it down.

   • 1955, Robin Jenkins, The Cone-Gatherers, Canongate, published 2012, page 162:

     He […] would begin to pick up the seed-cases or mast, squeeze each one with his fingers to see if it were fertile, and drop it if it were not.

Derived terms

Translations

Verb

mast (third-person singular simple present masts, present participle masting, simple past and past participle masted)

1. (of swine and other animals) To feed on forest seed or fruit.
2. (agriculture, forestry, ecology, of a population of plants) To produce a very large quantity of fruit or seed in certain years but not others.
   • 1985, Michael Fenner, Seed ecology‎, page 33:

     Any individual tree which masted in a generally non-mast year would be subjected to the exclusive attention of the seed predators and so would be selected against.

   • 2004, Michael Scherer-Lorenzen, Christian Körner, Ernst-Detlef Schulze, Forest Diversity and Function: Temperate and Boreal Systems‎, page 28:

     However, if this were true, all or most masting species (e.g., Fagus and Quercus) in a forest would have to mast in synchrony to be effective against generalist herbivores.

   • 2008, Chris Rowthorn, Muhammad Cohen, China Williams, Borneo‎, page 50:

     Because dipterocarp seeds are winged and spin gracefully as they fall, the dispersal of millions of dipterocarp seeds during a masting event is one of the greatest spectacles that you can see on planet Earth.

Etymology 3

Clipping of Masteron.

Noun

mast (uncountable)

1. (bodybuilding slang) The anabolic steroid Drostanolone propionate, also known as Masteron

Etymology 4

From French masse, with -t probably after Etymology 1, above.

Noun

mast (plural masts)

1. (obsolete, billiards) A type of heavy cue, with the broad end of which one strikes the ball.
   • 1751, [Tobias] Smollett, The Adventures of Peregrine Pickle , volumes (please specify |volume=I to IV), London: Harrison and Co., , →OCLC:

     Godfrey thus conquered, pretended to lose his temper, curs'd his own ill luck, swore that the table had a cast, and that the balls did not run true, changed his mast, and with great warmth challenged his enemy to double his sum.

Related terms

• mast cell

Anagrams

• AMTs, ASTM, ATMs, MTAs, Mats, Stam, amts, mats, stam, tams

Czech

Czech Wikipedia has an article on:

mast

Wikipedia ^cs

Etymology

Inherited from Old Czech mast, from Proto-Slavic *mastь.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Hyphenation: mast
• Rhymes: -ast

Noun

mast f

1. ointment

Declension

Derived terms

Related terms

Further reading

• mast in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• mast in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• mast in Internetová jazyková příručka

Danish

Etymology

Borrowed from Middle Low German mast.

Noun

mast c (singular definite masten, plural indefinite master)

1. mast

Dutch

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mɑst/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: mast
• Rhymes: -ɑst

Etymology 1

From Middle Dutch mast, from Old Dutch *mast, from Proto-West Germanic *mast, from Proto-Germanic *mastaz.

Noun

mast m (plural masten, diminutive mastje n)

1. mast (pole on a ship, to which sails can be rigged)

Derived terms

Descendants

• Afrikaans: mas
• Negerhollands: mast
• → Japanese: マスト

Etymology 2

From Middle Dutch mast, from the root of met (“meat”), similar to German Mast.

Noun

mast m (plural masten, diminutive mastje n)

1. mast, fodder for pigs or other animals made up of acorns and beechnuts.

Anagrams

• stam, tams

Estonian

Etymology

From either Middle Low German mast or German Mast.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmɑsʲt/

Noun

mast (genitive masti, partitive masti)

1. mast
2. (card games) suit
3. (poker) flush

Declension

Compounds

• mastirida

Descendants

• → Ingrian: mašti

Middle English

Adjective

mast

1. Alternative form of mased

Middle French

Etymology

Old French mast

Noun

mast m (plural masts)

1. mast (structure found on watercraft)

Descendants

• French: mât

Northern Kurdish

Noun

mast m

1. yoghurt

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology 1

From Middle Low German mast (“mast”).

Noun

mast f or m (definite singular masta or masten, indefinite plural master, definite plural mastene)

1. mast

Synonyms

• stang

Derived terms

• fokkemast
• stormast
• radiomast
• lysmast

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

• masa, maset

Verb

mast

1. past participle of mase

References

• “mast” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Alternative forms

• master (non-standard since 2012)

Etymology

From Middle Low German mast.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mɑst/

Noun

mast f (definite singular masta, indefinite plural master, definite plural mastene)

1. mast

References

• “mast” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mastь.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈmast/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈmast/

Noun

mast f

1. ointment

Declension

Related terms

• mazati
• mastný
• mastnost

Descendants

• Czech: mast

Further reading

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “mast”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Old French

Alternative forms

• maste

Etymology

Borrowed from Frankish *mast.

Noun

mast oblique singular, m (oblique plural maz or matz, nominative singular maz or matz, nominative plural mast)

1. mast (structure found on watercraft)

Descendants

• Middle French: mast
  • French: mât
• Norman: mât
• → Spanish: maste
  • ⇒ Spanish: mástel (spelling influenced by árbol)
    • ⇒ Spanish: mástil
• → Old Galician-Portuguese: masto, maste
  • Portuguese: mastro, (archaic) masto
    • ⇒ Portuguese: mastaréu

Old Frisian

Alternative forms

• mēst

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *maist, from Proto-Germanic *maist, *maistaz. Cognates include Old English mǣst and Old Saxon mēst.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈmaːst/

Adjective

māst

1. superlative degree of grāt

Adverb

māst

1. most

Descendants

• Saterland Frisian: maast
• West Frisian: meast

References

• Bremmer, Rolf H. (2009) An Introduction to Old Frisian: History, Grammar, Reader, Glossary, Amsterdam: John Benjamins Publishing Company, →ISBN, page 28

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *mastь (Russian масть (mastʹ), Polish maść). Compare mazati.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /mâːst/

Noun

mȃst f (Cyrillic spelling ма̑ст)

1. grease
2. ointment
3. fat
4. lard
5. schmaltz

Declension

References

• “mast” in Hrvatski jezični portal

Swedish

Etymology

From Middle Low German mast, from Old Saxon *mast, from Proto-West Germanic *mast.

Noun

mast c

1. a mast (that carries a sail)
2. a mast (similar tall structure with other uses)

   radiomast

   radio mast

Declension

References

• mast in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• mast in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)

Anagrams

• Mats, mats, samt, stam

Zazaki

Noun

mast n

1. yoghurt (a milk-based product thickened by a bacterium-aided curdling process)

Synonyms

• most
• mhost