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English
Etymology
1580s; From mathematic (noun) + -ics,[1] from Middle English mathematique, methametik, matematik, matamatik, from Old French mathematique, from Latin mathēmatica (“mathematics”), from Ancient Greek μαθηματικός (mathēmatikós, “on the matter of that which is learned”), from μάθημα (máthēma, “knowledge, study, learning”). Displaced native Old English rīmcræft.
Pronunciation
Noun
mathematics (uncountable)
- An abstract representational system studying numbers, shapes, structures, quantitative change and relationships between them.
1992 March 2, Richard Preston, “The Mountains of Pi”, in The New Yorker:Looking at the Leibniz series, you feel the independence of mathematics from human culture. Surely, on any world that knows pi the Leibniz series will also be known... Nilakantha, an astronomer, grammarian, and mathematician who lived on the Kerala coast of India, described the formula in Sanskrit poetry around the year 1500.
2002, Ian Stewart, Does God Play Dice?: The New Mathematics of Chaos, page 38:The answer is 'yes', and the mathematics needed is the theory of probability and its applied cousin, statistics.
- A person's ability to count, calculate, and use different systems of mathematics at differing levels.
My mathematics is always improving.
Usage notes
The term mathematics was previously seen as a plural, but this usage is largely obsolete.
- “... Artificers, to whom the Practical Mathematics are of great and immediate Uſe.” A System of Practical Mathematics — John Potter, 1753.
- “Mathematics are based on arithmatic, algebra and geometry, and are either pure or mixed.” — The teacher’s assistant in the “Course of mathematics adapted to the method of instruction in the American colleges” - Jeremiah Day, 1836.
- “Now the mathematics are peculiarly well adapted for this purpose, ... ”. Library of Useful Knowledge - Mathematics - Baldwin and Cradock, London, 1836.
- "Mathematics are also distinguished into Theoretical, or Speculative, and Practical, ..." A new and easy Introduction to the Mathematics — Ira Wanzer, 1831.
However, when used in the sense of the mathematical rules and formulas used to model some specific field or phenomenon, the term can also be used today as a grammatical plural.
- “Many exact and approximate results have been obtained from this theory, but the mathematics of QCD are quite difficult, and many questions remain.” Physics — Joseph W. Kane & Morton M. Sternheim, 1984.
- ”The mathematics are the same as the actuarial liability under the constant dollar version of the benefit prorate actuarial cost method.“ Pension Mathematics with Numerical Illustrations — Howard E. Winklevoss, 1993.
- “Some authors provide plots and tables that may have limitations where the mathematics break down.” Electromagnetic Compatibility — Donald G. Baker, 2015.
Synonyms
Derived terms
Descendants
Translations
field of study
- Afrikaans: wiskunde (af)
- Alabama: holtina
- Albanian: matematikë (sq) f
- Amharic: ትምህርተ ሂሳብ (təmhərtä hisab)
- Arabic: رِيَاضَة f (riyāḍa), رِيَاضِيَّات (ar) pl (riyāḍiyyāt), عِلْم الحِسَاب (ar) m (ʕilm al-ḥisāb)
- Aragonese: matematicas
- Aramaic:
- Syriac: ܡܢܝܘܬܐ f (mannāyūṯāʾ)
- Armenian: մաթեմատիկա (hy) (matʻematika)
- Aromanian: mathematicã
- Assamese: গণিত (gonit), অংক (oṅko)
- Asturian: matemátiques
- Aymara: jakhu (ay)
- Azerbaijani: riyaziyyat (az)
- Banyumasan: matematika
- Bashkir: математика (matematika)
- Basque: matematika (eu)
- Bavarian: mathematik
- Belarusian: матэма́тыка (be) f (matemátyka)
- Bengali: গণিত (bn) (gonito)
- Bishnupriya Manipuri: গণিত (gaṇit)
- Breton: matematikoù, jedoniezh (br) f
- Buginese: matematika
- Bulgarian: матема́тика (bg) f (matemátika)
- Burmese: သင်္ချာ (my) (sanghkya)
- Catalan: matemàtiques (ca) f pl, matemàtica (ca) f sg
- Cebuano: matematika
- Chamorro: matematika
- Chechen: математика (matematika)
- Chinese:
- Cantonese: 數學/数学 (yue) (sou3 hok6)
- Hakka: 數學/数学 (sṳ-ho̍k)
- Hokkien: 數學/数学 (zh-min-nan) (sò͘-ha̍k)
- Mandarin: 數學/数学 (zh) (shùxué), 算學/算学 (zh) (suànxué) (ancient)
- Chuvash: математика (mat̬emat̬ik̬a)
- Cornish: awgrym m, mathematik m
- Corsican: matematica (co)
- Crimean Tatar: riyaziyat
- Czech: matematika (cs) f
- Danish: matematik (da) c
- Dhivehi: ރިޔާޟިއްޔާތު (riyāḋiyyātu)
- Dinka: akuënkäŋ
- Dutch: wiskunde (nl) f, mathematiek (nl) (rare), mathematica (nl) (rare), mathesis (nl) (rare)
- Erzya: математика (maťemaťika)
- Esperanto: matematiko (eo)
- Estonian: matemaatika (et)
- Extremaduran: matemáticas
- Faroese: støddfrøði f
- Finnish: matematiikka (fi)
- French: mathématiques (fr) f pl
- Friulian: matematiche
- Galician: matemáticas (gl) f pl
- Georgian: მათემატიკა (ka) (matemaṭiḳa)
- German: Mathematik (de) f
- Greek: μαθηματικά (el) n pl (mathimatiká)
- Ancient: μαθηματική f (mathēmatikḗ)
- Greenlandic: matematikki
- Guaraní: papapykuaa
- Gujarati: ગણિત (gu) (gaṇit)
- Haitian Creole: matematik
- Hausa: lissafi (ha)
- Hawaiian: makemakika
- Hebrew: מָתֵמָטִיקָה (he) (matemátika)
- Hindi: गणित (hi) m (gaṇit), गणित-विधा f (gaṇit-vidhā)
- Hungarian: matematika (hu)
- Icelandic: stærðfræði (is) f
- Ido: matematiko (io)
- Indonesian: matematika (id)
- Interlingua: mathematica (ia)
- Irish: matamaitic
- Italian: matematica (it) f
- Japanese: 数学 (ja) (sūgaku)
- Javanese: matématika
- Kannada: ಗಣಿತ (kn) (gaṇita)
- Kashmiri: علم ریاضی
- Kashubian: matematika
- Kazakh: математика (matematika)
- Khmer: គណិតវិទ្យា (km) (kĕəʼnetaʼvɨtyiə), គណិតសាស្ត្រ (km) (kĕəʼnetaʼsaah)
- Komi-Permyak: математика (maťemaťika)
- Korean: 수학(數學) (ko) (suhak)
- Kurdish:
- Central Kurdish: بیرکاری (ckb) (bîrkarî), ماتماتیک (ckb) (matmatîk)
- Northern Kurdish: matematîk (ku) f, jimarnasî (ku) f, bîrkarî (ku) f, jimêryarî (ku) f, hesab (ku) f
- Kyrgyz: математика (ky) (matematika)
- Ladino: matematika
- Lao: ຄະນິດສາດ (lo) (kha nit sāt)
- Latin: mathēmatica (la) f
- Latvian: matemātika f
- Ligurian: matematica
- Limburgish: mathematik
- Lithuanian: matematika (lt) f
- Lombard: matemàtega
- Lower Sorbian: matematika
- Luxembourgish: Mathematik
- Macedonian: матема́тика f (matemátika)
- Malay: matematik (ms), ilmu hisab (ms) (dated)
- Malayalam: ഗണിതം (ml) (gaṇitaṁ), കണക്ക് (ml) (kaṇakkŭ)
- Maltese: matematika f
- Manx: maddaght
- Maori: pāngarau
- Marathi: गणित (gaṇit)
- Middle English: mathematic
- Mongolian:
- Cyrillic: математик (mn) (matematik), тооны ухаан (toony uxaan) (esp China)
- Mongolian: ᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠧᠮᠠᠲ᠋ᠢᠭ (matēmatig), ᠲᠣᠭᠠᠨ ᠤ
ᠤᠬᠠᠭᠠᠨ (toɣan-u uqaɣan)
- Moroccan Amazigh: ⵜⵓⵙⵏⴰⴽⵜ f (tusnakt)
- Navajo: ałhiiʼnínáʼiidzóóh, ałhííʼnaʼííltaʼ
- Neapolitan: matemàteca
- Nepali: गणित (ne) (gaṇit)
- Norman: caltchul
- Northern Sami: matematihkka
- Norwegian: matematikk (no) m
- Nynorsk: matematikk
- Occitan: matematicas (oc)
- Old English: rīmcræft m
- Old French: mathematique
- Ossetian: математикӕ (matematikæ)
- Pangasinan: matematiks
- Papiamentu: matemátika
- Pashto: شمېرپوهنه f (šmerpohëna)
- Persian: ریاضیات (fa) (riyâziyât) انگارش (fa) (engâreš)
- Piedmontese: matemàtica
- Polish: matematyka (pl) f
- Portuguese: matemática (pt) f
- Punjabi: ਗਣਿਤ (gaṇit)
- Quechua: yupay yachay
- Romanian: matematică (ro) f
- Romansch: matematica f
- Russian: матема́тика (ru) f (matemátika)
- Samoan: matematika (sm)
- Samogitian: matematėka
- Sanskrit: गणित (sa) n (gaṇita)
- Sardinian: matemàtica
- Scots: mathematics
- Scottish Gaelic: matamataig
- Serbo-Croatian:
- Cyrillic: математика f
- Roman: matematika (sh) f
- Sicilian: matimàtica (scn)
- Silesian: matymatyka
- Sinhalese: ගණිතය (si) (gaṇitaya)
- Slovak: matematika f, počty m pl
- Slovene: matematika (sl)
- Somali: xisaab
- Spanish: matemáticas (es) f pl, matemática (es) f
- Sundanese: matematika
- Swahili: hisabati (sw)
- Swedish: matematik (sv) c
- Tagalog: matematika (tl), sipnayan (tl)
- Tajik: математика (tg) (matematika), риёзиёт (tg) (riyoziyot)
- Tamil: கணிதம் (ta) (kaṇitam)
- Tatar: please add this translation if you can
- Telugu: గణితం (te) (gaṇitaṁ), లెక్కలు (te) (lekkalu)
- Tetum: matemátika
- Thai: คณิตศาสตร์ (th) (ká-nít-dtà-sàat)
- Tibetan: ཨང་རྩིས (ang rtsis)
- Turkish: matematik (tr)
- Turkmen: matematika
- Tuvan: please add this translation if you can
- Ukrainian: матема́тика (uk) f (matemátyka)
- Upper Sorbian: myrowc
- Urdu: ریاضی f (riyāzī), گنت m (ganit)
- Uyghur: ماتېماتىكا (matëmatika)
- Uzbek: matematika (uz), riyozat (uz)
- Venetan: matemàtega
- Vietnamese: toán học (vi) (算學)
- Volapük: matemat (vo)
- Võro: matõmaatiga
- Walloon: matematikes (wa) f pl
- Waray-Waray: matematika
- Welsh: mathemateg (cy)
- West Frisian: wiskunde
- Western Panjabi: میتھمیٹکس (methmeṭks)
- Wolof: xayma (wo)
- Yakut: математика (matematika)
- Yiddish: מאַטעמאַטיק f (matematik)
- Yoruba: ìmọ̀ ìṣirò, ìṣirò, matimátíìkì
- Zazaki: (Southern Zazaki) matematik
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person's ability to use mathematics
Translations to be checked
See also
References
Further reading