From Middle Welsh meðu, from Proto-Brythonic *mėðɨd, from Proto-Celtic *medyetor, from Proto-Indo-European *med- (“to measure; give advice”). Cognate with Old Irish midithir (“to judge”).[1]
meddu (first-person singular present meddaf)
| singular | plural | impersonal | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |||
| present indicative/future | meddaf | meddi | medd | meddwn | meddwch | meddant | meddir | |
| imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/ conditional |
meddwn | meddit | meddai | meddem | meddech | meddent | meddid | |
| preterite | meddais | meddaist | meddodd | meddasom | meddasoch | meddasant | meddwyd | |
| pluperfect | meddaswn | meddasit | meddasai | meddasem | meddasech | meddasent | meddasid, meddesid | |
| present subjunctive | meddwyf | meddych | meddo | meddom | meddoch | meddont | medder | |
| imperative | — | medd, medda | medded | meddwn | meddwch | meddent | medder | |
| verbal noun | meddu | |||||||
| verbal adjectives | meddedig meddadwy | |||||||
| Inflected colloquial forms | singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| first | second | third | first | second | third | |
| future | medda i, meddaf i | meddi di | meddith o/e/hi, meddiff e/hi | meddwn ni | meddwch chi | meddan nhw |
| conditional | meddwn i, meddswn i | meddet ti, meddset ti | meddai fo/fe/hi, meddsai fo/fe/hi | medden ni, meddsen ni | meddech chi, meddsech chi | medden nhw, meddsen nhw |
| preterite | meddais i, meddes i | meddaist ti, meddest ti | meddodd o/e/hi | meddon ni | meddoch chi | meddon nhw |
| imperative | — | medda | — | — | meddwch | — |
| Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh. | ||||||
| radical | soft | nasal | aspirate |
|---|---|---|---|
| meddu | feddu | unchanged | unchanged |
Note: Certain mutated forms of some words can never occur in standard Welsh.
All possible mutated forms are displayed for convenience.