minden

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See also: Minden

Dutch

Pronunciation

  • Audio(file)

Verb

minden

  1. inflection of minnen:
    1. plural past indicative
    2. (dated or formal) plural past subjunctive

Hungarian

ed  Table of Correlatives (cf. H. demonstrative adverbs)
question this that same every-/all no- relative some any else
e/i- a/o- ugyan mind(en)- se(m/n)- a- + qu. vala  akár
bár		 más
who ki ő u mindenki senki aki v a b m
what mi ez az u u minden semmi ami /
amely		 v a b m
which melyik mindegyik
mind		 semelyik
egyik sem		 amelyik v a b m
how hogy(an)
miként		 így úgy u u mindenhogy
mindenhogyan		 sehogy(an)
semmiképpen		 (a)mint
ahogy(an)		 v
v		 a b
a b		 m/m
m/m
what…like
what kind		 milyen
miféle		 ilyen
efféle		 olyan
afféle		 u u mindenféle semmilyen
semmiféle		 amilyen v
v		 a b
a b		 m
m/m
where hol itt ott u u mindenhol
mindenütt		 sehol ahol v a b m
m
from wh. honnan innen onnan u u mindenhonnan sehonnan ahonnan v a b m
to where hova
hová		 ide oda u u mindenhova
mindenhová		 sehova
sehová		 ahova
ahová		 v
v		 a b
a b		 m
m
from
which way		 merről erről arról u u mindenfelől semerről amerről v a b m
which way merre
merrefelé		 erre
errefelé		 arra
arrafelé		 u u mindenfelé semerre amerre v a b m
why miért ezért azért u u mindenért semmiért amiért v a b m
how many hány ennyi annyi u u mind
az összes		 sehány ahány v a b –
how much mennyi semennyi amennyi v a b
wh. extent mennyire ennyire annyira u u (teljesen) semennyire amennyire v a b –
what size mekkora ekkora akkora u u (az egész) semekkora amekkora v a b –
what time mikor ekkor akkor u u mindig soha/sose(m)
sohase(m)		 amikor v a b m
how long
how far		 meddig eddig addig u u (végig)* semeddig ameddig v a b –
*: Mindeddig/-addig mean “up until this/that point” (= egészen eddig/addig).
Csak following relative pronouns expresses “-ever”, e.g. aki csak (“whoever”);
is after “any” pronouns emphasizes “no matter”: akármit is (“no matter what”).
né- (“some”) forms compounds with few words.

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

First attested in the early 13th century. Lexicalization of mind (“all”) +‎ -en (suffix to form adverbs of manner or pronouns).

Determiner

minden

  1. every (used with the noun in singular)
    Synonyms: mindegyik, minden egyes
Usage notes

It is currently used with the singular (like the term every in English). However, it occasionally occurs with the plural form in a handful of archaic structures: mindenekelőtt (“first of all”, literally “before everything”), minden oroszok cárja (“the Tsar of all the Russias”, literally “…of all Russians”), where the current standard form would have orosz, and minden világok legjobbika (“best of all worlds”), where the present-day standard form would have világ. See also the Usage notes at összes (“all”).

Derived terms
Compound words
Expressions

See also the terms derived from minden as a pronoun (below).

Pronoun

minden

  1. all, everything
    Megvettél mindent, amit akartál? ― Did you buy everything you wanted?
  2. construed with sok, több, mi, ennyi, annyi: thing (referring to numerous items together, possibly the totality of the set)
    Synonym: dolog
    Sok mindent tudnék mesélni. ― I could tell you about a lot of things.
Usage notes

When the pronoun mind (“all”) is the object, it is a definite object: mindet megnézem (“I’ll have a look at all ”). On the other hand, the pronoun minden (“everything”) is indefinite as an object: mindent megnézek (“I’ll have a look at everything”).

Declension
  • The plural forms are archaic.
Inflection (stem in -e-, front unrounded harmony)
singular plural
nominative minden mindenek
accusative mindent mindeneket
dative mindennek mindeneknek
instrumental mindennel mindenekkel
causal-final mindenért mindenekért
translative mindenné mindenekké
terminative mindenig mindenekig
essive-formal mindenként mindenekként
essive-modal — —
inessive mindenben mindenekben
superessive mindenen mindeneken
adessive mindennél mindeneknél
illative mindenbe mindenekbe
sublative mindenre mindenekre
allative mindenhez mindenekhez
elative mindenből mindenekből
delative mindenről mindenekről
ablative mindentől mindenektől
non-attributive
possessive - singular 		mindené mindeneké
non-attributive
possessive - plural 		mindenéi mindenekéi
Possessive forms of minden
possessor single possession multiple possessions
1st person sing. mindenem —
2nd person sing. mindened —
3rd person sing. mindene —
1st person plural mindenünk —
2nd person plural mindenetek —
3rd person plural mindenük —
Derived terms
Expressions

See also the terms derived from minden as a determiner (above).

Etymology 2

mind (“all ”) +‎ -en (“on”, superessive suffix)

Pronoun

minden

  1. superessive singular of mind
    Sok jó viccet mondott, szinte minden nevettünk. ― S/he told a lot of good jokes; we laughed at almost all of them.

Etymology 3

mind (“all ”) +‎ -en (adverb-forming suffix)

Adverb

minden (not comparable)

  1. (dialectal) Synonym of mindnyájan or mindannyian

References

  1. ^ minden in Zaicz, Gábor (ed.). Etimológiai szótár: Magyar szavak és toldalékok eredete (‘Dictionary of Etymology: The origin of Hungarian words and affixes’). Budapest: Tinta Könyvkiadó, 2006, →ISBN.  (See also its 2nd edition.)

Further reading

  • minden in Bárczi, Géza and László Országh. A magyar nyelv értelmező szótára (‘The Explanatory Dictionary of the Hungarian Language’, abbr.: ÉrtSz.). Budapest: Akadémiai Kiadó, 1959–1962. Fifth ed., 1992: →ISBN
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