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From Proto-Finnic*minä, from Proto-Uralic*minä. From the same base as the plural pronoun me, the possessive suffixes -ni and -mme and the first-person verb endings -n and -mme. See the Proto-Finnic entry for more information on inflection.
c.1450–1470, unknown, quoting unidentified Finnish Bishop of Turku, Ms. Solg. 16,2°, University Library of Erlangen-Nürnberg (manuscript; overall work in Middle High German):
Mÿnna thachton gernaſt ſpuho ſom̅en gelen Emyna daÿda
[Minä tahdon kernaasti puhua suomen kielen[,] en minä taida]
I very much want to speak the Finnish language I am not able to
AͤLkaͤt luulco / ettaͤ minaͤ tulin Lakia ja Prophetiaita paͤaͤſtaͤmaͤn : en minaͤ tullut paͤaͤſtaͤmaͤn / mutta taͤyttaͤmaͤn.
[Älkäät luulko, että minä tulin lakia eli profeetiaita päästämään; en minä tullut päästämään, mutta täyttämään.]
Think not that I am come to destroy the law, or the prophets: I am not come to destroy, but to fulfil.
1670, Laurentius Petri Aboicus, Christillinen Saarna Engeleistä [Christian Sermon on Angels]:
Ja ettaͤ minaͤ nytt taͤllaͤ ajalla erinomaiſten ſyiden taͤhden aiwoin yhden yxikertaiſen ſaarnan Jumalan pyhiſt Engeleiſt praͤndaͤtaͤ anda.
[Ja että minä nyt tällä ajalla erinomaisten syiden tähden aivoin yhden yksikertaisen saarnan Jumalan pyhistä enkeleistä präntätä antaa.]
And that I shall now for specific reasons have a simple sermon about the holy angels of God published.
1783, Cristfried Ganander, Suomalaiset Arwotuxet, Wastausten kansa [Finnish Riddles. With Answers]:
Jos naͤmaͤt arwotuxet halulla waſtaan otetaan maanmiehiltaͤ; nijn taͤſtaͤedes Suomalaiset ſananlaſkut pian minulda uloſannetaan: nijtaͤ minaͤ olen lisaͤnnyt myoͤs 18 ajastaikaa.
[Jos nämät arvotukset halulla vastaan otetaan maanmiehiltä; niin tästäedes Suomalaiset sananlaskut pian minulta ulosannetaan: niitä minä olen lisännyt myös 18 ajastaikaa.]
And shall my countrymen receive these riddles well; Finnish proverbs too are to be hereafter published: those have I been compiling also for 18 years.
Hän katsoo keskittyneesti minua, ja minä näen tuskan hänen katseessaan.
She looks intently at me, and I can see the agony in her gaze.
Usage notes
When the verb shows both the person and the number, the pronoun may be left out in written Finnish and is usually only used for emphasis. However, the inflected forms are often used. In colloquial Finnish, the pronoun is almost always used, even with a verb (compare the usage of me(“we”)).
Inflection
Irregular. The comitative and instructive forms do not exist. Abessive is hardly ever used; ilmanminua and ilman meitä are used instead.
In addition to the standard set of cases, minä and the other personal pronouns have a specific accusative form, in this case minut. This form would have been the nominative plural form of the first stem, if the word were not a personal pronoun.
See this appendix for information on the dialectal variants of minä.
“minä”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
N. Gilojeva, S. Rudakova (2009) Karjalan kielen Livvin murdehen algukursu [Beginners' course of Karelian language's Livvi dialect] (in Livvi), Petrozavodsk, →ISBN, page 10
Tatjana Boiko (2019) Suuri Karjal-Venʹalaine Sanakniigu (livvin murreh) [The Big Karelian-Russian dictionary (Livvi dialect)], 2nd edition, →ISBN, page 166