mortuus

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Latin

Etymology

Perfect active participle of morior (“die”). Corresponds to Proto-Italic *mortwos, from Proto-Indo-European *mr̥twós, *mr̥tós (“dead, mortal”), *mr̥tó-, ultimately from *mer- (“to die”) + *-wós (whence Latin -uus). Compare Ancient Greek βροτός (brotós), Sanskrit मृत (mṛtá), Old Church Slavonic мрътвъ (mrŭtvŭ), Old Armenian մարդ (mard).

Pronunciation

Participle

mortuus (feminine mortua, neuter mortuum); first/second-declension participle

  1. dead, having died.
    Synonyms: exanimis, dēfūnctus
    Antonym: vīvus
  2. decayed, withered
  3. (figuratively) faint, overwhelmed.

Declension

First/second-declension adjective.

singular plural
masculine feminine neuter masculine feminine neuter
nominative mortuus mortua mortuum mortuī mortuae mortua
genitive mortuī mortuae mortuī mortuōrum mortuārum mortuōrum
dative mortuō mortuae mortuō mortuīs
accusative mortuum mortuam mortuum mortuōs mortuās mortua
ablative mortuō mortuā mortuō mortuīs
vocative mortue mortua mortuum mortuī mortuae mortua

Descendants

  • Balkan Romance:
    • Aromanian: mortu
    • Romanian: mort
  • Dalmato-Romance:
  • Italo-Romance:
  • Insular Romance:
  • North Italian:
  • Gallo-Romance:
  • Ibero-Romance:

Noun

mortuus m (genitive mortuī); second declension

  1. a dead person, dead man
  2. a corpse, dead body

Declension

Second-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative mortuus mortuī
genitive mortuī mortuōrum
dative mortuō mortuīs
accusative mortuum mortuōs
ablative mortuō mortuīs
vocative mortue mortuī

See also

References

  • “mortuus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “mortuus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • mortuus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • mortuus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to entomb a dead body: mortuum in sepulcro condere
    • to burn a corpse: aliquem mortuum cremare (Sen. 23. 84)
    • to summon some one from the dead: aliquem ab inferis or a mortuis evocare, excitare (passive ab inferis exsistere)
    • the last wishes of a deceased person: alicuius mortui voluntas (suprema)
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