mugio

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See also: mugió

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *mug-, *mūg-, onomatopoeic form, reminiscent of cow's lowing. Cognates include Ancient Greek μῡκάομαι (mūkáomai, “to low, bellow”), Lithuanian mū̃kti (“to bellow”) and Russian мыча́ть (myčátʹ, “to moo”).

Pronunciation

Verb

mūgiō (present infinitive mūgīre, perfect active mūgīvī or mūgiī, supine mūgītum); fourth conjugation, no passive

  1. to moo, low, bellow
    • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 8.217-218:
      reddidit ūna boum vōcem vāstōque sub antrō
      mūgiit et Cācī spem custōdīta fefellit.
  2. (of inanimate things) to roar, rumble, bray, groan

Conjugation

   Conjugation of mūgiō (fourth conjugation, active only)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present mūgiō mūgīs mūgit mūgīmus mūgītis mūgiunt
imperfect mūgiēbam mūgiēbās mūgiēbat mūgiēbāmus mūgiēbātis mūgiēbant
future mūgiam mūgiēs mūgiet mūgiēmus mūgiētis mūgient
perfect mūgīvī,
mūgiī 		mūgīvistī,
mūgiistī 		mūgīvit,
mūgiit 		mūgīvimus,
mūgiimus 		mūgīvistis,
mūgiistis 		mūgīvērunt,
mūgīvēre,
mūgiērunt,
mūgiēre
pluperfect mūgīveram,
mūgieram 		mūgīverās,
mūgierās 		mūgīverat,
mūgierat 		mūgīverāmus,
mūgierāmus 		mūgīverātis,
mūgierātis 		mūgīverant,
mūgierant
future perfect mūgīverō,
mūgierō 		mūgīveris,
mūgieris 		mūgīverit,
mūgierit 		mūgīverimus,
mūgierimus 		mūgīveritis,
mūgieritis 		mūgīverint,
mūgierint
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present mūgiam mūgiās mūgiat mūgiāmus mūgiātis mūgiant
imperfect mūgīrem mūgīrēs mūgīret mūgīrēmus mūgīrētis mūgīrent
perfect mūgīverim,
mūgierim 		mūgīverīs,
mūgierīs 		mūgīverit,
mūgierit 		mūgīverīmus,
mūgierīmus 		mūgīverītis,
mūgierītis 		mūgīverint,
mūgierint
pluperfect mūgīvissem,
mūgiissem 		mūgīvissēs,
mūgiissēs 		mūgīvisset,
mūgiisset 		mūgīvissēmus,
mūgiissēmus 		mūgīvissētis,
mūgiissētis 		mūgīvissent,
mūgiissent
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — mūgī — — mūgīte —
future — mūgītō mūgītō — mūgītōte mūgiuntō
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives mūgīre mūgīvisse,
mūgiisse 		mūgītūrum esse — — —
participles mūgiēns — mūgītūrus — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
mūgiendī mūgiendō mūgiendum mūgiendō mūgītum mūgītū

Derived terms

Descendants

References

  • “mugio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “mugio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • mugio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Kloekhorst, Alwin (2008) Etymological Dictionary of the Hittite Inherited Lexicon (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 5), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 392
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