mulco

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Latin

Etymology

Maybe a denominal to a noun Proto-Italic *molkā-, from the same ultimate source as mulceo (“I caress, stroke”).

Pronunciation

Verb

mulcō (present infinitive mulcāre, perfect active mulcāvī, supine mulcātum); first conjugation

  1. to beat up, handle roughly
    • c. 69 CE – 122 CE, Suetonius, De vita Caesarum I 17:
      Vettium pignoribus captis et direpta supellectile male mulcatum ac pro rostris in contione paene discerptum coiecit in carcerem; eodem Nouium quaestorem, quod compellari apud se maiorem potestatem passus esset.
      As for Vettius, after his bond was declared forfeit and his goods seized, he was roughly handled by the populace assembled before the rostra, and all but torn to pieces.
  2. (of inanimate things) to damage, injure

Conjugation

   Conjugation of mulcō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present mulcō mulcās mulcat mulcāmus mulcātis mulcant
imperfect mulcābam mulcābās mulcābat mulcābāmus mulcābātis mulcābant
future mulcābō mulcābis mulcābit mulcābimus mulcābitis mulcābunt
perfect mulcāvī mulcāvistī mulcāvit mulcāvimus mulcāvistis mulcāvērunt,
mulcāvēre
pluperfect mulcāveram mulcāverās mulcāverat mulcāverāmus mulcāverātis mulcāverant
future perfect mulcāverō mulcāveris mulcāverit mulcāverimus mulcāveritis mulcāverint
sigmatic future1 mulcāssō mulcāssis mulcāssit mulcāssimus mulcāssitis mulcāssint
passive present mulcor mulcāris,
mulcāre 		mulcātur mulcāmur mulcāminī mulcantur
imperfect mulcābar mulcābāris,
mulcābāre 		mulcābātur mulcābāmur mulcābāminī mulcābantur
future mulcābor mulcāberis,
mulcābere 		mulcābitur mulcābimur mulcābiminī mulcābuntur
perfect mulcātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect mulcātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect mulcātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present mulcem mulcēs mulcet mulcēmus mulcētis mulcent
imperfect mulcārem mulcārēs mulcāret mulcārēmus mulcārētis mulcārent
perfect mulcāverim mulcāverīs mulcāverit mulcāverīmus mulcāverītis mulcāverint
pluperfect mulcāvissem mulcāvissēs mulcāvisset mulcāvissēmus mulcāvissētis mulcāvissent
sigmatic aorist1 mulcāssim mulcāssīs mulcāssīt mulcāssīmus mulcāssītis mulcāssint
passive present mulcer mulcēris,
mulcēre 		mulcētur mulcēmur mulcēminī mulcentur
imperfect mulcārer mulcārēris,
mulcārēre 		mulcārētur mulcārēmur mulcārēminī mulcārentur
perfect mulcātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect mulcātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — mulcā — — mulcāte —
future — mulcātō mulcātō — mulcātōte mulcantō
passive present — mulcāre — — mulcāminī —
future — mulcātor mulcātor — — mulcantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives mulcāre mulcāvisse mulcātūrum esse mulcārī mulcātum esse mulcātum īrī
participles mulcāns — mulcātūrus — mulcātus mulcandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
mulcandī mulcandō mulcandum mulcandō mulcātum mulcātū

1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").

See also

References

  • “mulco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “mulco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • mulco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
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