munia
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A white-rumped munia, Lonchura striata
English
Alternative forms
Etymology
Noun
munia (plural munias)
- Any of certain estrildid finches of the genera Lonchura (most instances) and Amandava (two species).
- 1895, Eugene William Oates, William Thomas Blanford, Birds, volume 3, page 88:
- It is said, however, occasionally though rarely to eat insects, and Layard has related how an individual, kept in captivity, killed and swallowed small birds (Munias), its fellow-captives.
- 2000, Tara Gandhi, Birds and Plant Regeneration, page 76:
- Munias are smaller than sparrows; they have pointed short tails, and live in flocks, building large communal nests shared by several breeding pairs.
- 2010, Graham R. S. Ritchie, Simon Kirby, “20: A Possible Role for Selective Masking in the Evolution of Complex, Learned Communication Systems”, in Caroline Lyon, Chrystopher L. Nehaniv, Angelo Cangelosi, editors, Emergence of Communication and Language, page 398:
- Okanoya (2002) argues that the Bengalese finch has a much more 'complex' song than the munia. As mentioned earlier, his measure of complexity is the song linearity. He finds that the average song linearity of the munia is around 0.8 while the Bengalese finch song has a value of around 0.4.
Synonyms
- (finch of genus Lonchura): mannikin, silverbill (generally separate, with some overlap)
- (finch of genus Amandava): avadavat
Derived terms
- alpine munia (Lonchura monticola)
- Bismarck munia (Lonchura melaena)
- black-and-white munia (Lonchura bicolor)
- black-breasted munia (Lonchura teerinki)
- black-faced munia (Lonchura molucca)
- black munia (Lonchura stygia)
- black-throated munia (Lonchura kelaarti)
- bronze munia (Lonchura cucullata)
- brown-backed munia (Lonchura nigriceps)
- chestnut munia (Lonchura atricapilla)
- cream-bellied munia (Lonchura pallidiventer)
- dusky munia (Lonchura fuscans)
- five-coloured munia (Lonchura quinticolor)
- grand munia (Lonchura grandis)
- green munia (Amandava formosa)
- grey-banded munia (Lonchura vana)
- grey-crowned munia (Lonchura nevermanni)
- Javan munia (Lonchura leucogastroides)
- magpie munia (Lonchura fringilloides)
- mottled munia (Lonchura hunsteini)
- New Hanover munia (Lonchura niggerima)
- New Ireland munia (Lonchura forbesi)
- pale-headed munia (Lonchura pallida)
- red munia (Amandava amandava)
- scaly-breasted munia (Lonchura punctulata)
- snow mountain munia (Lonchura montana)
- streak-headed munia (Lonchura tristissima)
- tricoloured munia (Lonchura malacca)
- white-bellied munia (Lonchura leucogastra)
- white-capped munia (Lonchura ferruginosa)
- white-headed munia (Lonchura maja)
- white-rumped munia (Lonchura striata)
- white-throated munia (Lonchura malabarica)
Translations
bird of the genus Lonchura
Anagrams
Finnish
Etymology 1
From Proto-Finnic *munëidak; equivalent to muna (“egg”) + -ia. Akin to Ludian munida and Veps munda.
Pronunciation
Verb
munia
- To lay an egg.
- (colloquial) To let somebody wait without any good reason, to loiter or to be sluggish (normally only in irritated questions).
- Mitä te oikein munitte siellä?
- What on earth are you loitering there for?
Conjugation
| Inflection of munia (Kotus type 61/sallia, no gradation) | |||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indicative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present tense | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | munin | en muni | 1st sing. | olen muninut | en ole muninut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | munit | et muni | 2nd sing. | olet muninut | et ole muninut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | munii | ei muni | 3rd sing. | on muninut | ei ole muninut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | munimme | emme muni | 1st plur. | olemme munineet | emme ole munineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | munitte | ette muni | 2nd plur. | olette munineet | ette ole munineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | munivat | eivät muni | 3rd plur. | ovat munineet | eivät ole munineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | munitaan | ei munita | passive | on munittu | ei ole munittu | ||||||||||||||||
| past tense | pluperfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | munin | en muninut | 1st sing. | olin muninut | en ollut muninut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | munit | et muninut | 2nd sing. | olit muninut | et ollut muninut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | muni | ei muninut | 3rd sing. | oli muninut | ei ollut muninut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | munimme | emme munineet | 1st plur. | olimme munineet | emme olleet munineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | munitte | ette munineet | 2nd plur. | olitte munineet | ette olleet munineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | munivat | eivät munineet | 3rd plur. | olivat munineet | eivät olleet munineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | munittiin | ei munittu | passive | oli munittu | ei ollut munittu | ||||||||||||||||
| conditional mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | munisin | en munisi | 1st sing. | olisin muninut | en olisi muninut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | munisit | et munisi | 2nd sing. | olisit muninut | et olisi muninut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | munisi | ei munisi | 3rd sing. | olisi muninut | ei olisi muninut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | munisimme | emme munisi | 1st plur. | olisimme munineet | emme olisi munineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | munisitte | ette munisi | 2nd plur. | olisitte munineet | ette olisi munineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | munisivat | eivät munisi | 3rd plur. | olisivat munineet | eivät olisi munineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | munittaisiin | ei munittaisi | passive | olisi munittu | ei olisi munittu | ||||||||||||||||
| imperative mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | — | — | 1st sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | muni | älä muni | 2nd sing. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | munikoon | älköön muniko | 3rd sing. | olkoon muninut | älköön olko muninut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | munikaamme | älkäämme muniko | 1st plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | munikaa | älkää muniko | 2nd plur. | — | — | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | munikoot | älkööt muniko | 3rd plur. | olkoot munineet | älkööt olko munineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | munittakoon | älköön munittako | passive | olkoon munittu | älköön olko munittu | ||||||||||||||||
| potential mood | |||||||||||||||||||||
| present | perfect | ||||||||||||||||||||
| person | positive | negative | person | positive | negative | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st sing. | muninen | en munine | 1st sing. | lienen muninut | en liene muninut | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd sing. | muninet | et munine | 2nd sing. | lienet muninut | et liene muninut | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd sing. | muninee | ei munine | 3rd sing. | lienee muninut | ei liene muninut | ||||||||||||||||
| 1st plur. | muninemme | emme munine | 1st plur. | lienemme munineet | emme liene munineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 2nd plur. | muninette | ette munine | 2nd plur. | lienette munineet | ette liene munineet | ||||||||||||||||
| 3rd plur. | muninevat | eivät munine | 3rd plur. | lienevät munineet | eivät liene munineet | ||||||||||||||||
| passive | munittaneen | ei munittane | passive | lienee munittu | ei liene munittu | ||||||||||||||||
| Nominal forms | |||||||||||||||||||||
| infinitives | participles | ||||||||||||||||||||
| active | passive | active | passive | ||||||||||||||||||
| 1st | munia | present | muniva | munittava | |||||||||||||||||
| long 1st1 |
|
past | muninut | munittu | |||||||||||||||||
| 2nd | inessive2 | muniessa | munittaessa | agent4 | munima | ||||||||||||||||
|
negative | munimaton | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | munien | — | 1) Used only with a possessive suffix.
2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only). | ||||||||||||||||||
| 3rd | inessive | munimassa | — | ||||||||||||||||||
| elative | munimasta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| illative | munimaan | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| adessive | munimalla | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| abessive | munimatta | — | |||||||||||||||||||
| instructive | muniman | munittaman | |||||||||||||||||||
| 4th3 | verbal noun | muniminen | |||||||||||||||||||
| 5th1 |
| ||||||||||||||||||||
Derived terms
Further reading
- “munia”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-01
Etymology 2
Pronunciation
Noun
munia
Anagrams
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Italic *moinis, from Proto-Indo-European *moy-nós, from *mey- (“to change, swap”). mūnus (“service”) is from the same source.
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈmuː.ni.a/,
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈmu.ni.a/,
Noun
mūnia n pl (variously declined, genitive mūnium or mūniōrum); third declension, second declension
Declension
In Classical Latin, only the nominative and accusative are attested.
Third-declension noun (neuter, “pure” i-stem) or second-declension noun (neuter), plural only.
| Case | Plural |
|---|---|
| Nominative | mūnia |
| Genitive | mūnium mūniōrum |
| Dative | mūnibus mūniīs |
| Accusative | mūnia |
| Ablative | mūnibus mūniīs |
| Vocative | mūnia |
References
- “munia”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “munia”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- munia in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
Portuguese
Verb
munia