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English
Etymology
From Middle English murmur, murmor, murmour, from Old French murmure (modern French murmure), from Latin murmur (“murmur, humming, muttering, roaring, growling, rushing etc.”).
Pronunciation
Noun
murmur (countable and uncountable, plural murmurs)
- (countable, uncountable) Any low, indistinct sound, like that of running water.
1854, Narrative of a Journey Round the Dead Sea, and in the Bible Lands:The delightful murmur of water running over pebbles is heard a few yards off
- 1979: A translation of the Eclogues by Paul Alpers
- The windy murmur of the breeze subsides.
- (countable, uncountable) Soft indistinct speech.
- A murmur arose from the audience.
1874, Marcus Clarke, chapter V, in For the Term of His Natural Life:In the prison of the 'tween decks reigned a darkness pregnant with murmurs. The sentry at the entrance to the hatchway was supposed to "prevent the prisoners from making a noise," but he put a very liberal interpretation upon the clause, and so long as the prisoners refrained from shouting, yelling, and fighting--eccentricities in which they sometimes indulged--he did not disturb them.
1960, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter XI, in Jeeves in the Offing:The moment had come for the honeyed word. I lowered my voice to a confidential murmur, but on her inquiring if I had laryngitis raised it again.
- (cardiology, medicine) The sound made by any condition which produces noisy, or turbulent, flow of blood through the heart.
- A muttered complaint or protest; the expression of dissatisfaction in a low muttering voice; any expression of complaint or discontent.
2004, Euan A. Ashley, Josef Niebauer, Cardiology Explained:Since aortic diastolic pressure is higher than pulmonary artery systolic pressure, there is continuous flow into the pulmonary circulation, creating the characteristic continuous ("machinery") murmur, heard best just below the left clavicle.
1960, P. G. Wodehouse, chapter XX, in Jeeves in the Offing:Glossop will return from his afternoon off to find the awful majesty of the Law waiting for him, complete with handcuffs. We can hardly expect him to accept an exemplary sentence without a murmur, so his first move will be to establish his innocence by revealing all.
Derived terms
Translations
any low, indistinct, continuing sound
low sounds or speech
- Bikol Central: ngurubngurob
- Bulgarian: шепот (bg) m (šepot)
- Catalan: mormoleig, murmuri (ca), remor (ca)
- Danish: mumlen
- Dutch: roezemoezen (nl)
- Finnish: mumina (fi), mutina (fi), kohina (fi)
- French: murmure (fr) m, rumeur (fr) f
- German: Gemurmel (de) n, Murmeln (de) n, Raunen (de) n
- Greek: μουρμουρητό (el) n (mourmouritó), μουρμούρισμα (el) n (mourmoúrisma)
- Ancient Greek: θρῦλος m (thrûlos)
- Hungarian: mormolás (hu)
- Italian: mormorio (it) m, brusio (it) m, sussurro (it) m
- Latin: murmur n
- Macedonian: ше́пот m (šépot)
- Maori: wawaro, warowaro, hiarea
- Persian: زمزمه (fa) (zemzeme)
- Polish: pomruk (pl), mruczenie (pl)
- Portuguese: murmúrio (pt) m
- Romanian: freamăt (ro)
- Russian: бормота́ние (ru) n (bormotánije), ро́пот (ru) m (rópot)
- Swedish: mummel (sv)
- Turkish: homurdanma, homurtu (tr), mırıldanma (tr)
- Welsh: murmur m
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sound by turbulent flow of blood etc.
muttered complaint or protest
Translations to be checked
Verb
murmur (third-person singular simple present murmurs, present participle murmuring, simple past and past participle murmured)
- (intransitive, now rare) To grumble; to complain in a low, muttering voice, or express discontent at or against someone or something.
1830, The Book of Mormon:And now, behold thy brothers murmur, saying it is a hard thing which I have required of them; but behold I have not required it of them, but it is a commandment of the Lord.
- (intransitive) To speak or make low, indistinguishable noise; to mumble, mutter.
I couldn't hear the words; he just murmured a lot.
The bees murmured in the forest. The waves murmured on the shore.
1922, Ben Travers, chapter 7, in A Cuckoo in the Nest:“Oh yes,” he murmured in a tone of obligatory surprise, as he proceeded to make the kind of 2 which he attributed to Margaret's style of chirography.
- (transitive) To say (something) indistinctly, to mutter.
c. 1597 (date written), William Shakespeare, “The First Part of Henry the Fourth, ”, in Mr. William Shakespeares Comedies, Histories, & Tragedies (First Folio), London: Isaac Iaggard, and Ed Blount, published 1623, →OCLC, , line 51:I […] heard thee murmur tales of iron wars;
1942, Lloyd C. Douglas, chapter 7, in The Robe:With a husky voice she murmured that he was the very dearest grandfather anyone ever had.
1978, Andrew Holleran, chapter 4, in Dancer from the Dance, New York: New American Library, published 1986, page 105:“ […] Don’t look now,” he murmured, lowering his eyes demurely, “but the most handsome man in Brookfield, Connecticut, has just walked in the room.”
Synonyms
Derived terms
Translations
to complain or express discontent
to speak or make low, indistinguishable noise; to mumble
- Arabic: غَمْغَمَ (ḡamḡama), تَغَمْغَمَ (taḡamḡama), تَمْتَمَ (tamtama), دَمْدَمَ (damdama)
- Bikol Central: ngurubngurob
- Bulgarian: мърморя (bg) (mǎrmorja)
- Chinese:
- Mandarin: 咕噥/咕哝 (zh) (gūnong), 咕唧 (zh) (gūjī)
- Danish: mumle (da)
- Esperanto: murmuri, susuri
- Finnish: mumista (fi), mutista (fi)
- French: murmurer (fr)
- German: murmeln (de), brummen (de), brummeln (de), knurren (de)
- Gothic: 𐌱𐌹𐍂𐍉𐌳𐌾𐌰𐌽 (birōdjan)
- Greek: μουρμουρίζω (el) (mourmourízo)
- Ancient: γογγύζω (gongúzō)
- Hungarian: mormol (hu)
- Icelandic: tuldra, muldra (is), umla, þrugla, tauta
- Italian: mormorare (it)
- Japanese: 呟く (ja) (つぶやく, tsubuyaku)
- Korean: 우물우물하다 (ko) (umurumul-hada)
- Latin: murmurō, muttiō
- Macedonian: мр́мори (mŕmori)
- Maori: whakatanguru, whakahāhā, whakahāhā (of the sea), hūoro (of the wind), kikihi (of the wind), kihi (of the sea), mū
- Norman: prôner, murmuther
- Persian: زیر لب گفتن (zir-e lab goftan), زمزمه کردن (zemzeme kardan)
- Polish: bąkać impf, bąknąć pf
- Portuguese: murmurar (pt)
- Russian: бормота́ть (ru) (bormotátʹ)
- Spanish: murmurar (es)
- Swedish: mumla (sv)
- Vietnamese: lẩm bẩm (vi), lầm bầm (vi)
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to say something indistinctly, not necessarily in a low voice
References
Further reading
Latin
Etymology
From Proto-Indo-European *mormur-, *mur- (“to mutter”). Reduplication points to imitative, onomatopoeic origin. Cognate with Sanskrit मर्मर (marmara, “rustling sound, murmur”), Ancient Greek μορμύρω (mormúrō, “to roar, boil”), Lithuanian mùrmėti (“to mutter, murmur, babble”), Old High German murmurōn, murmulōn (“to mumble, murmur”), Old Norse murra (“to grumble, mumble”), Old Armenian մռմռամ (mṙmṙam).
Pronunciation
Noun
murmur n (genitive murmuris); third declension
- murmur, murmuring
- humming, roaring, rumbling, growling, grumbling
29 BCE – 19 BCE,
Virgil,
Aeneid 1.55–56:
- Illī indignantēs magnō cum murmure montis
circum claustra fremunt; .- Those resenting : With a mighty rumbling of the mountain all around, locked gates they rage.
(Evocative word-sounds convey fantastical noises caused by trapped winds: the alliteration of repeated “m’s” for menacing rumbling, and onomatopoeia using hard “c’s” to personify angry winds clanging their cages.)
- rushing, crashing
Declension
Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).
Descendants
References
- “murmur”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “murmur”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
Middle English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Old French murmure, from Latin murmur.
Pronunciation
Noun
murmur (plural murmurs)
- A whining, protesting or complaining in the background; murmuring.
- (rare) Background noise or sounds.
Descendants
References
Romanian
Pronunciation
Etymology 1
Verb
murmur
- first-person singular present indicative/subjunctive of murmura
Etymology 2
Borrowed from Latin murmur or French murmure.
Noun
murmur n (plural murmure)
- a murmur
Declension