murus

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English

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin mūrus (wall).

Noun

murus (plural muri)

  1. A wall, in the context of Ancient Rome. (Can we add an example for this sense?)
  2. (palynology) A pattern-forming ridge on the surface of a pollen grain.

Synonyms

Derived terms

Estonian

Noun

murus

  1. inessive singular of muru

Latin

Etymology

    From Proto-Italic *moiros, from Proto-Indo-European *mey- (to fix, to build fortifications or fences), see also Latin mūnīre (to protect), Old Norse -mæri (border-land, boundary), Old English mære (landmark, border, boundary). See also Sanskrit मुर् (múr, wall), Sanskrit मुर (mura, surrounding, encircling, enclosing).

    Pronunciation

    Noun

    mūrus m (genitive mūrī); second declension

    1. wall, city wall(s), (usually of a city, as opposed to pariēs)
      • 29 BCE – 19 BCE, Virgil, Aeneid 2.234:
        “Dīvidimus mūrōs et moenia pandimus urbis.”
        “We breach the walls and lay open the defenses of the city.”

    Declension

    Second-declension noun.

    singular plural
    nominative mūrus mūrī
    genitive mūrī mūrōrum
    dative mūrō mūrīs
    accusative mūrum mūrōs
    ablative mūrō mūrīs
    vocative mūre mūrī

    Derived terms

    Descendants

    • Balkan Romance:
      • Aromanian: mur
      • Romanian: mur
      • Albanian: mur
    • Dalmatian:
    • Italo-Romance:
    • Padanian:
    • Northern Gallo-Romance:
    • Southern Gallo-Romance:
    • Ibero-Romance:
    • Insular Romance:
    • Borrowings:
      • English: murus (learned)
      • Old Irish: múr
      • Welsh: mur
      • Proto-West Germanic: *mūrā (see there for further descendants)
      • Slovak: múr

    See also

    References

    • murus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
    • murus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • murus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
    • murus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
    • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
      • to throw oneself from the ramparts: se deicere de muro
      • to scale the walls by means of ladders: positis scalis muros ascendere
      • the battering-ram strikes the wall: aries murum attingit, percutit
      • to drive the defenders from the walls: murum nudare defensoribus
    • murus”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
    • murus”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin