nꜣy
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Egyptian
Pronunciation
- (modern Egyptological) IPA(key): /nɑiː/
- Conventional anglicization: nay
Determiner
|
pl demonstrative determiner
- (Late Egyptian, with attached suffix pronoun) forms possessives; my, our, your, his, her, its, their, depending on which suffix pronoun is attached
Usage notes
This determiner modifies plural nouns, but it does not specify that the possessor is plural; the gender and number of the possessor are specified by the attached suffix pronoun.
Inflection
Old Egyptian demonstratives
| determiners | pronouns1 | adverbs | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| number | singular | dual | plural | unmarked | ||||
| gender | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | masculine | feminine | unmarked | |
| proximal to speaker | pn |
tn, jtn |
*jpnj |
*jptnj |
jpn |
jptn |
nn |
— |
| distal | pf |
tf |
*jpfj |
*jptfj |
jpf |
jptf |
nf |
— |
| proximal to spoken of | pj, pw, py, p |
tj, tw, jtw |
jpwj |
*jptwj |
jpw |
jptw |
nw |
— |
| vocative | pꜣ |
tꜣ |
— |
— |
— |
— |
nꜣ |
ꜥꜣ |
| ||||||||
Middle Egyptian demonstratives
Late Egyptian demonstratives and articles
| masculine | feminine | plural | adverb | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| pronoun | pꜣw |
dj | ||||
| determiners and pronouns | pꜣj |
tꜣj |
nꜣj | |||
| possessive determiners (used with suffix pronouns) | pꜣy |
tꜣy |
nꜣy | |||
| relational pronouns (‘possessive prefixes’) | p-n, pꜣ |
t-nt, tꜣ |
nꜣyw, nꜣ | |||
| definite articles | pꜣ |
tꜣ |
nꜣ1 | |||
| indefinite articles | wꜥ1 |
nhꜣy1 | ||||
| ||||||
For the possible suffix pronoun endings, see Template:Egyptian personal pronouns.
Descendants
- ⇒ Coptic: ⲛⲁ- (na-), ⲛⲉⲕ- (nek-), ⲛⲟⲩ- (nou-), ⲛⲉϥ- (nef-), ⲛⲉⲥ- (nes-), ⲛⲉⲛ- (nen-), ⲛⲉⲧⲛ̄- (netn̄-), ⲛⲉⲩ- (neu-)
References
- Junge, Friedrich (2005) Late Egyptian Grammar: An Introduction, second English edition, Oxford: Griffith Institute, pages 53–54
- James P[eter] Allen (2010) Middle Egyptian: An Introduction to the Language and Culture of Hieroglyphs, 2nd edition, Cambridge: Cambridge University Press, →ISBN, page 56.
- Faulkner, Raymond Oliver (1962) A Concise Dictionary of Middle Egyptian, Oxford: Griffith Institute, →ISBN