Inherited from Old French nagier, inherited from a reduced form of Latin navigāre. Doublet of naviguer, a later borrowing. Displaced Old French noer, from Latin natāre, natō (“to swim”).
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nager
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written nage- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
| infinitive | simple | nager | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | nageant /na.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | nagé /na.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | nage /naʒ/ |
nages /naʒ/ |
nage /naʒ/ |
nageons /na.ʒɔ̃/ |
nagez /na.ʒe/ |
nagent /naʒ/ |
| imperfect | nageais /na.ʒɛ/ |
nageais /na.ʒɛ/ |
nageait /na.ʒɛ/ |
nagions /na.ʒjɔ̃/ |
nagiez /na.ʒje/ |
nageaient /na.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | nageai /na.ʒe/ |
nageas /na.ʒa/ |
nagea /na.ʒa/ |
nageâmes /na.ʒam/ |
nageâtes /na.ʒat/ |
nagèrent /na.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | nagerai /naʒ.ʁe/ |
nageras /naʒ.ʁa/ |
nagera /naʒ.ʁa/ |
nagerons /naʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
nagerez /naʒ.ʁe/ |
nageront /naʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | nagerais /naʒ.ʁɛ/ |
nagerais /naʒ.ʁɛ/ |
nagerait /naʒ.ʁɛ/ |
nagerions /na.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
nageriez /na.ʒə.ʁje/ |
nageraient /naʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | nage /naʒ/ |
nages /naʒ/ |
nage /naʒ/ |
nagions /na.ʒjɔ̃/ |
nagiez /na.ʒje/ |
nagent /naʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | nageasse /na.ʒas/ |
nageasses /na.ʒas/ |
nageât /na.ʒa/ |
nageassions /na.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
nageassiez /na.ʒa.sje/ |
nageassent /na.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | nage /naʒ/ |
— | nageons /na.ʒɔ̃/ |
nagez /na.ʒe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
From Old French nager, nagier.
nager
nager
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. In the present tense an extra supporting e is needed in the first-person singular indicative and throughout the singular subjunctive, and the third-person singular subjunctive ending -t is lost. In addition, g becomes j before an a or an o to keep the /dʒ/ sound intact. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | nager | avoir nagé | |||||
| gerund | en najant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
| present participle | najant | ||||||
| past participle | nagé | ||||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
| simple tenses |
present | nage | nages | nage | najons | nagez | nagent |
| imperfect | najoie, nageie, najoe, nageve | najoies, nageies, najoes, nageves | najoit, nageit, najot, nageve | nagiiens, nagiens | nagiiez, nagiez | najoient, nageient, najoent, nagevent | |
| preterite | najai | najas | naja | najames | najastes | nagerent | |
| future | nagerai | nageras | nagera | nagerons | nageroiz, nagereiz, nagerez | nageront | |
| conditional | nageroie, nagereie | nageroies, nagereies | nageroit, nagereit | nageriiens, nageriens | nageriiez, nageriez | nageroient, nagereient | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
| simple tenses |
present | nage | nages | nage | najons | nagez | nagent |
| imperfect | najasse | najasses | najast | nagissons, nagissiens | nagissoiz, nagissez, nagissiez | najassent | |
| compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
| — | nage | — | najons | nagez | — | ||