nakisi

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Swahili

Etymology 1

Borrowed from Arabic نَقْص (naqṣ).[1]

Noun

nakisi (n class, plural nakisi)

  1. deficit, shortage
    Synonym: upungufu
  2. (Can we verify(+) this sense?) reduction

Etymology 2

Borrowed from Arabic نَقَّصَ (naqqaṣa).

Verb

-nakisi (infinitive kunakisi)

  1. to reduce
    Synonym: -punguza
Conjugation
Conjugation of -nakisi
Positive present -nanakisi
Subjunctive -nakisi
Negative -nakisi
Imperative singular nakisi
Infinitives
Positive kunakisi
Negative kutonakisi
Imperatives
Singular nakisi
Plural nakisini
Tensed forms
Habitual hunakisi
Positive past positive subject concord + -linakisi
Negative past negative subject concord + -kunakisi
Positive present (positive subject concord + -nanakisi)
Singular Plural
1st person ninanakisi/nanakisi tunanakisi
2nd person unanakisi mnanakisi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) ananakisi wananakisi
other classes positive subject concord + -nanakisi
Negative present (negative subject concord + -nakisi)
Singular Plural
1st person sinakisi hatunakisi
2nd person hunakisi hamnakisi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hanakisi hawanakisi
other classes negative subject concord + -nakisi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tanakisi
Negative future negative subject concord + -tanakisi
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -nakisi)
Singular Plural
1st person ninakisi tunakisi
2nd person unakisi mnakisi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakisi wanakisi
other classes positive subject concord + -nakisi
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sinakisi
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngenakisi
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singenakisi
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalinakisi
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalinakisi
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -anakisi)
Singular Plural
1st person nanakisi twanakisi
2nd person wanakisi mwanakisi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anakisi wanakisi
m-mi(III/IV) wanakisi yanakisi
ji-ma(V/VI) lanakisi yanakisi
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chanakisi vyanakisi
n(IX/X) yanakisi zanakisi
u(XI) wanakisi see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwanakisi
pa(XVI) panakisi
mu(XVIII) mwanakisi
Perfect positive subject concord + -menakisi
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshanakisi
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -janakisi
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kinakisi
"If not" positive subject concord + -siponakisi
Consecutive kanakisi / positive subject concord + -kanakisi
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kanakisi
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -ninakisi -tunakisi
2nd person -kunakisi -wanakisi/-kunakisini/-wanakisini
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mnakisi -wanakisi
m-mi(III/IV) -unakisi -inakisi
ji-ma(V/VI) -linakisi -yanakisi
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kinakisi -vinakisi
n(IX/X) -inakisi -zinakisi
u(XI) -unakisi see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kunakisi
pa(XVI) -panakisi
mu(XVIII) -munakisi
Reflexive -jinakisi
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -nakisi- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -nakisiye -nakisio
m-mi(III/IV) -nakisio -nakisiyo
ji-ma(V/VI) -nakisilo -nakisiyo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -nakisicho -nakisivyo
n(IX/X) -nakisiyo -nakisizo
u(XI) -nakisio see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -nakisiko
pa(XVI) -nakisipo
mu(XVIII) -nakisimo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -nakisi)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yenakisi -onakisi
m-mi(III/IV) -onakisi -yonakisi
ji-ma(V/VI) -lonakisi -yonakisi
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chonakisi -vyonakisi
n(IX/X) -yonakisi -zonakisi
u(XI) -onakisi see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -konakisi
pa(XVI) -ponakisi
mu(XVIII) -monakisi
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

References

  1. ^ Baldi, Sergio (2020 November 30) Dictionary of Arabic Loanwords in the Languages of Central and East Africa (Handbuch der Orientalistik; Erste Abteilung: Der Nahe und der Mittlere Osten; 145), Leiden • Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 293 Nr. 2785