nastojati

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Serbo-Croatian

FWOTD – 16 January 2018

Etymology

From na- +‎ stòjati, old form of stàjati (“to stand”), with lengthening of the prefix syllable and subsequent accent shift (na- + stòjati > nastòjati > nástojati) due to the fact that prefixation does not entail perfectivization, cf. póstojati. Cognate with Russian настоя́ть (nastojátʹ).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /nǎːstojati/
  • Hyphenation: na‧sto‧ja‧ti

Verb

nástojati impf (Cyrillic spelling на́стојати)

  1. (intransitive) to strive, try
    • 2016, Jakob Nakić, Marko Rogić, “Nezakoniti dokazi u kaznenom postupku (Poseban osvrt na mjere tajnog snimanja telefonskih razgovora i trećega u tim radnjama)”, in Zbornik Pravnog Fakulteta Sveučilišta u Rijeci, volume 37, number 1, page 533:
      Suvremeni kazneni postupak nastoji održati ravnotežu između dviju osnovnih, a suprotstavljenih, tendencija – naime, tendencije funkcionalnosti kažnjavanja, s jedne, i zaštite prava građana, s druge strane.
      The criminal prosecution of the day tries to keep the balance between two fundamental, but antithetical tendencies – namely, the tendency of effective punishment, on the one hand, and the protection of the rights of the citizen, on the other hand.

Conjugation

Conjugation of nastojati
Infinitive: nastojati Present verbal adverb: nástojēći Past verbal adverb: — Verbal noun: nástojānje
Number Singular Plural
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Verbal forms ja ti on / ona / ono mi vi oni / one / ona
Present nástojīm nástojīš nástojī nástojīmo nástojīte nástojē
Future Future I nástojat ću1
nástojaću 		nástojat ćeš1
nástojaćeš 		nástojat će1
nástojaće 		nástojat ćemo1
nástojaćemo 		nástojat ćete1
nástojaćete 		nástojat će1
nástojaće
Future II bȕdēm nástojao2 bȕdēš nástojao2 bȕdē nástojao2 bȕdēmo nástojali2 bȕdēte nástojali2 bȕdū nástojali2
Past Perfect nástojao sam2 nástojao si2 nástojao je2 nástojali smo2 nástojali ste2 nástojali su2
Pluperfect3 bȉo sam nástojao2 bȉo si nástojao2 bȉo je nástojao2 bíli smo nástojali2 bíli ste nástojali2 bíli su nástojali2
Imperfect nástojāh nástojāše nástojāše nástojāsmo nástojāste nástojāhu / nástojāhū
Conditional I nástojao bih2 nástojao bi2 nástojao bi2 nástojali bismo2 nástojali biste2 nástojali bi2
Conditional II4 bȉo bih nástojao2 bȉo bi nástojao2 bȉo bi nástojao2 bíli bismo nástojali2 bíli biste nástojali2 bíli bi nástojali2
Imperative — nástōj — nástōjmo nástōjte —
Active past participle nástojao m / nástojala f / nástojalo n nástojali m / nástojale f / nástojala n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.

4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

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