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Middle English
Noun
niþ
- Alternative form of nith
Old English
Etymology
From Proto-West Germanic *nīþ, from Proto-Germanic *nīþą. Cognate with Old Saxon nīth, Dutch nijd, Old High German nīd (German Neid), Old Norse níð (regional Swedish nid), Gothic 𐌽𐌴𐌹𐌸 (neiþ).
Pronunciation
Noun
nīþ m
- envy, jealousy
- hostility, hatred, evil, violence
- late 9th century, translation of Orosius’ History Against the Pagans
On þām ġewinne, ⁊ on moneġum oþrum æfter þǣm, Hannibal ġecȳþde þone nīþ ⁊ þone hete þe hē beforan his fæder ġeswōr, þā hē nigonwintre cniht wæs, þæt hē næfre ne wurde Rōmana frēond.- In that battle, and in many others after that, Hannibal proved the hostility and hatred that he swore before his father when he was a nine-year-old boy, that he would never become a friend of the Romans.
Declension
Strong a-stem:
Derived terms
- nīþan (“to hate”)
- nīþcwalu f (“violent death, destruction”)
- nīþcwealm m (“violent death, destruction, nithqualm”)
- nīþdraca m (“hostile dragon”)
- nīþful (“envious, quarrelsome, ill-disposed, evil, nithful”)
- nīþfullīce (“maliciously, nithfully”)
- nīþgæst m (“hostile alien, fell demon”)
- nīþgeteōn n (“attack”)
- nīþġeweorc n (“evil deed, nithwork”)
- nīþgrama m (“anger, malice”)
- nīþgrimm (“fierce, hostile”)
- nīþgripe m (“fierce grasp”)
- nīþheard (“bold, brave in battle”)
- nīþhell f (“hateful hell”)
- nīþhete m (“hostility, evil intent: affliction, torment; foe”)
- nīþhycgende (“evil-scheming”)
- nīþhýdig (“valorous”)
- nīþiġ (“envious, malicious, nithy”)
- nīþing m (“wretch, villain, coward, outlaw nithing”)
- nīþla, nīþle m (“enemy: enmity, fierceness”)
- nīþlīce (“abjectly”)
- nīþloca m (“place of torment, Hell”)
- nīþplega m (“battle, fight”)
- nīþsceaþa m (“foe, persecutor”)
- nīþscipe m (“wickedness”)
- nīþsele m (“hall of conflict”)
- nīþsynn f (“grievous sin”)
- nīþweorc n (“battle”)
- nīþwracu f (“severe punishment”)
- nīþwundor n (“dire wonder, fearful portent, nithwonder”)
Descendants