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Eastern Ojibwa
Alternative forms
Pronoun
niin
- first-person singular pronoun: I, me
References
Jerry Randolph Valentine (2001) Nishnaabemwin Reference Grammar, University of Toronto, page 122
Finnish
Alternative forms
Etymology
The instructive plural form of ne (“they (things and animals)”).
Pronunciation
Adverb
niin (not comparable)
- so, then, in that case
- Synonym: joten
- so, to this or that extent
Söin niin paljon, että oksensin.- I ate so much that I vomited.
- like that, in that way, so (in a way that the speaker does not directly show)
Älä tee niin!- Don't do that!
Päätimme niin eilisessä kokouksessa.- We decided so in yesterday's meeting.
- very (to a great extent; especially when used emphatically or when talking about how one feels)
Tuo on niin kaunis!- That is so beautiful!
- (dialectal) Used to stress a contradicting element in a sentence. No unambiguous translation into English.
- Synonym: (standard) -pas
No, lapset, ei saa pierrä syödessä! – Saa, niin! – Tulee selkään niin että roikuu!- – Hey, children, it is not allowed to fart when eating! – Yes it is! – And now you'll be hit boisterously!
Usage notes
- niin as an answer often has an additional meaning of "of course". As in the example, the interrogative suffix -ko / -kö is usually attached to the point of the question.
Derived terms
Conjunction
niin
- (coordinating) then; used to introduce the main clause after an auxiliary clause
Jos yöllä on selkeää, niin tulee kova pakkanen.- If it's clear at night, then it'll be heavy frost.
1876, “Siionin laulu 260: Mun kotini taivaassa ihana on [Songs and Hymns of Zion, 574b: My Beautiful Home Is in Heaven on High]”, Herman Brueckner (1932), Alexandra Glynn (2008), transl., Edla Pöyry (lyrics), trad., Lauri-Kalle Kallunki (music):Kun maailma kuohuu ja on levoton, / niin Taivas vain rauhaa voi antaa- This earth is so restless, how often I sigh! / My heart for my homeland is yearning.
- (literally, “When the world turmoils and is in unrest, / Heaven alone may give peace”)
- In the structure niin ... kuin ...: ... as well as ...
- niin siellä kuin täällä ― in there as well as in here
Usage notes
- In the sense "then" (to introduce the main clause), especially when used with jos (“if”), niin can often be omitted when no emphasis is desired.
Interjection
niin
- yes, yeah (especially when asked to confirm something)
- Synonyms: kyllä, joo, juu, jep
Kotonako se tapahtui? –Niin.- Was it home where it happened? –Yes.
- right (either indicating agreement or having no opinion)
- Synonyms: aivan, jep, niinpä, näin, näinpä
Usage notes
- Affirmation is traditionally rather expressed through repetition of the verb than using the interjection.
– No oliko se ruoka hyvää? – Oli.- – Well, did you like the food? – I did.
Pronoun
niin
- instructive plural of ne
Further reading
Ingrian
Alternative forms
Etymology
Instructive of neet (“these”). Akin to Finnish niin.
Pronunciation
Particle
niin
- yes
Synonyms
Antonyms
Adverb
niin
- so (in that way)
1936, N. A. Iljin and V. I. Junus, Bukvari iƶoroin șkouluja vart, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 52:Niin sannoot kaikkiin maijen tööläiset.- So say the workers of all countries.
1936, L. G. Terehova, V. G. Erdeli, translated by Mihailov and P. I. Maksimov, Geografia: oppikirja iƶoroin alkușkoulun kolmatta klaassaa vart (ensimäine osa), Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-Pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 5:Tuli niin, jot möö mänimmä ääree seitsemän kilometran päähä laagerist.- So it turned out, that we went about seven kilometers away from the camp.
Usage notes
- Niin is used anaphorically (having a referent whithin the linguistic context), while näin and noin are used deictically (having a referent outside the linguistic context). Compare a similar difference between neet (“these, those”), nämät (“these”) and noo (“those”).
Conjunction
niin
- Used to join two verbal phrases in a causal relation: therefore, then
Derived terms
References
- V. I. Junus (1936) Iƶoran Keelen Grammatikka, Leningrad: Riikin Ucebno-pedagogiceskoi Izdateljstva, page 133
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 342
Japanese
Romanization
niin
- Rōmaji transcription of にいん
Ojibwe
Pronunciation
Pronoun
niin (Syllabics: ᓃᓐ)
- first-person singular pronoun: I, me
Gegaa gii-pizikawaa anishaa go niin gaa-ikowebinag.:- She would have been almost run over if it hadn't been for me pushing her out of the way.
Usage notes
Unlike in English, the first person is often expressed in Ojibwe by adding the personal prefix ni- and a corresponding suffix to the verb. The indepedent personal pronoun niin is often use to express emphasis or contrast, or when there is no verb in the sentence.
Related terms
See also
References