nosco

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Italian

Etymology

From Vulgar Latin nōscum, from Latin nōbiscum (with us).

Pronunciation

Pronoun

nosco (poetic, archaic)

  1. with us
    • early-mid 1310smid 1310s, Dante Alighieri, “Canto XXII”, in Purgatorio [Purgatory]‎, lines 106–108; republished as Giorgio Petrocchi, editor, La Commedia secondo l'antica vulgata [The Commedia according to the ancient vulgate]‎, 2nd revised edition, Florence: publ. Le Lettere, 1994:
      Euripide v’è nosco e Antifonte,
      Simonide, Agatone e altri piùe
      Greci che già di lauro ornar la fronte.
      With us is Euripides, and Antiphon, Simonides, Agatho, and many more Greeks who adorned their foreheads with laurel.
    • 1810 [c. 8th century BCE], “Libro IV”, in Vincenzo Monti, transl., Iliade, translation of Ῑ̓λιάς (Īliás, Iliad) by Homer (in Epic Greek), lines 284–289; republished as Iliade di Omero, 4th edition, Milan: Società tipografica dei classici italiani, 1825:
      [] chi primiero
      L’accordo vïolò, pasto vedrassi
      Di voraci avoltoi, mentre captive
      Le dilette lor mogli in un co’ figli
      Noi nosco condurremo, Ilio distrutto.
      all’ hoí per próteroi hupèr hórkia dēlḗsanto
      tôn ḗtoi autôn térena khróa gûpes édontai,
      hēmeîs aût’ alókhous te phílas kaì nḗpia tékna
      áxomen en nḗessin, epḕn ptolíethron hélōmen.
      Those who first broke the agreement, will find themselves meal for voracious vultures, as we take with us their beloved wives—together with their children—as prisoners, Troy destroyed.
  2. (by extension) among us
  3. (by extension) towards or against us
  4. (by extension) in our time

See also

Further reading

  • nosco in Dizionario Italiano Olivetti, Olivetti Media Communication

Anagrams

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From earlier gnōscō, from Proto-Italic *gnōskō, from Proto-Indo-European *ǵn̥h₃sḱéti.

Pronunciation

Verb

nōscō (present infinitive nōscere, perfect active nōvī, supine nōtum); third conjugation

  1. to become acquainted with something, learn about it
    Synonyms: intellegō, cognosco, cerno, tongeo, prehendō
    • c. 45 BCE, Cicero, Tusculan Disputations 1.52:
      Cum igitur "nosce te" dicit, hoc dicit: "nosce animum tuum". Nam corpus quidem quasi vas est aut aliquod animi receptaculum.
      Therefore when he says, "Know thyself", this is what it means: "Know your mind". The body is of course like a vase, or some other container for the mind.
  2. (in perfect tenses and past participle) to know, recognize, be acquainted with, i.e.; in possession of knowledge
    Synonyms: agnōscō, cognōscō, inveniō, sentiō, cōnsciō, sapiō, sciō, scīscō, intellegō, percipiō, discernō, tongeō, cernō, audiō
    Antonyms: ignōrō, nesciō
    • 2 CE, Ovid, The Art of Love 1.1–2:
      Sī quis in hōc artem populō nōn nōvit amandī, / hoc legat et lēctō carmine doctus amet.
      If anyone does not know the art of loving, may they read this, and having both read the poem and been taught, love.
    • Hīc Nātus Ubīque Nōtus
      Born Here, Known Everywhere (motto of the Allende Institute in reference to Ignacio de Allende)
  3. (rare) to recognize someone, be familiar with
    Synonyms: recognōscō, cognōscō, agnōscō
  4. (euphemistic) to have had sex with, have ever slept with
    Synonym: cognōscō
    • c. 84 BCE – 54 BCE, Catullus, 72 :
      Dīcēbās quondam sōlum tē nōsse Catullum, / Lesbia, nec prae mē velle tenēre Iovem.
      You used to say, some time ago, that you only ever slept with Catullus, Lesbia, and that you didn't want to hold Jupiter more than me.
  5. to accept a reason or excuse
    Synonyms: accipiō, cōnservō
  6. (Late Latin, Christianity, in the perfect) to acknowledge, submit to (God)
    • 405 CE, Jerome, Vulgate Acta Apostolorum.19.15:
      Respondens autem spiritus nequam dixit eis, Iesum novi et Paulum scio, vos autem qui estis?
      A wicked spirit replied to them, "I acknowledge Jesus, and I know Paul, but who are all of you?

Conjugation

   Conjugation of nōscō (third conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present nōscō nōscis nōscit nōscimus nōscitis nōscunt
imperfect nōscēbam nōscēbās nōscēbat nōscēbāmus nōscēbātis nōscēbant
future nōscam nōscēs nōscet nōscēmus nōscētis nōscent
perfect nōvī nōvistī,
nōstī1
nōvit nōvimus,
nōmus1
nōvistis,
nōstis1
nōvērunt,
nōvēre,
nōrunt1
pluperfect nōveram,
nōram1
nōverās,
nōrās1
nōverat,
nōrat1
nōverāmus,
nōrāmus1
nōverātis,
nōrātis1
nōverant,
nōrant1
future perfect nōverō,
nōrō1
nōveris,
nōris1
nōverit,
nōrit1
nōverimus,
nōrimus1
nōveritis,
nōritis1
nōverint,
nōrint1
passive present nōscor nōsceris,
nōscere
nōscitur nōscimur nōsciminī nōscuntur
imperfect nōscēbar nōscēbāris,
nōscēbāre
nōscēbātur nōscēbāmur nōscēbāminī nōscēbantur
future nōscar nōscēris,
nōscēre
nōscētur nōscēmur nōscēminī nōscentur
perfect nōtus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect nōtus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect nōtus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present nōscam nōscās nōscat nōscāmus nōscātis nōscant
imperfect nōscerem nōscerēs nōsceret nōscerēmus nōscerētis nōscerent
perfect nōverim,
nōrim1
nōverīs,
nōrīs1
nōverit,
nōrit1
nōverīmus,
nōrīmus1
nōverītis,
nōrītis1
nōverint,
nōrint1
pluperfect nōvissem,
nōssem1
nōvissēs,
nōssēs1
nōvisset,
nōsset1
nōvissēmus,
nōssēmus1
nōvissētis,
nōssētis1
nōvissent,
nōssent1
passive present nōscar nōscāris,
nōscāre
nōscātur nōscāmur nōscāminī nōscantur
imperfect nōscerer nōscerēris,
nōscerēre
nōscerētur nōscerēmur nōscerēminī nōscerentur
perfect nōtus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect nōtus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present nōsce nōscite
future nōscitō nōscitō nōscitōte nōscuntō
passive present nōscere nōsciminī
future nōscitor nōscitor nōscuntor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives nōscere nōvisse,
nōsse1
nōtūrum esse nōscī nōtum esse nōtum īrī
participles nōscēns nōtūrus nōtus nōscendus,
nōscundus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
nōscendī nōscendō nōscendum nōscendō nōtum nōtū

1The verb "nōscō" and its compounds frequently drop the syllables "vi" and "ve" from their perfect, pluperfect and future perfect conjugations.

Derived terms

References

  • nosco”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • nosco”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • nosco in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to be acquainted with the history of one's own land: domestica (externa) nosse