nowoczesny

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Polish

Etymology

From nowy +‎ -o- +‎ czas +‎ -ny.[1] Calque of German neuzeitlich.[2] First attested in 1805.[3]

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /nɔ.vɔˈt͡ʂɛs.nɘ/
  • Audio:(file)
  • Rhymes: -ɛsnɘ
  • Syllabification: no‧wo‧czes‧ny

Adjective

nowoczesny (comparative nowocześniejszy, superlative najnowocześniejszy, derived adverb nowocześnie)

  1. modern (living thinking according to modern culture, technology, etc.)
  2. modern (characteristic of such a person)
    Antonym: archaiczny
  3. modern (pertaining to a current or recent time and style; not ancient; built up to current standards)
    Antonyms: anachroniczny, archaiczny, archaistyczny, niedzisiejszy, przestarzały, przeżytkowy

Declension

Descendants

  • Kashubian: nowòczasny
  • Silesian: nowoczesny

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), nowoczesny is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 22 times in scientific texts, 15 times in news, 36 times in essays, 5 times in fiction, and 4 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 82 times, making it the 782nd most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.[4]

References

  1. ^ Krystyna Długosz-Kurczabowa (2021) “nowy”, in Wielki słownik etymologiczno-historyczny języka polskiego, →ISBN
  2. ^ Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “nowoczesny”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
  3. ^ Gazeta Korrespondenta Warszawskiego y Zagranicznego (in Polish), number 46, 1805 June 7, page 556
  4. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “nowoczesny”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language] (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 296

Further reading

Silesian

Etymology

Borrowed from Polish nowoczesny. By surface analysis, nowy +‎ -o- +‎ czas +‎ -ny.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /nɔ.vɔˈt͡ʂɛs.nɪ/
  • Rhymes: -ɛsnɪ
  • Syllabification: no‧wo‧czes‧ny

Adjective

nowoczesny

  1. modern
    Synonym: moderny
    • 2019–2020, Waldemar Szymczyk, editor, Pōnbōczkowi Świyczka, →ISBN, archived from the original on 12 November 2022, page 111:
      Jo musza działać, i byda działoł. Jak trza bydzie, to byda jak tyn nowoczesny poseł, kiery sejmik oddoł za wysokie stanowisko! Byda jak Lis!
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Declension