nuncupo

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Latin

Etymology

From nōmen (name) and capiō (seize, catch). De Vaan says the original compound must have been a nominal of the form *nōmiceps, with the meaning 'taking a name, declaring', from which was derived a verb of the first conjugation that subsequently passed through the following stages: *nōmicupāre > *nōmcupāre > *nomcupāre > nuncupāre.

Pronunciation

The length of the vowel in the first syllable is uncertain: De Vaan (2008) gives it as short (see etymology above), but Marx (1901) and Lewis (1895) give it as long.

Verb

nū̆ncupō (present infinitive nū̆ncupāre, perfect active nū̆ncupāvī, supine nū̆ncupātum); first conjugation

  1. to call by name; to name
  2. (law) to publicly name or appoint as heir
  3. to vow publicly
  4. to announce publicly or officially
    Synonyms: adnūntiō, dēnūntiō, nūntiō, indicō, prōdō, renūntiō, profiteor, ēdīcō, praedicō, cōntiōnor, referō

Conjugation

   Conjugation of nū̆ncupō (first conjugation)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present nū̆ncupō nū̆ncupās nū̆ncupat nū̆ncupāmus nū̆ncupātis nū̆ncupant
imperfect nū̆ncupābam nū̆ncupābās nū̆ncupābat nū̆ncupābāmus nū̆ncupābātis nū̆ncupābant
future nū̆ncupābō nū̆ncupābis nū̆ncupābit nū̆ncupābimus nū̆ncupābitis nū̆ncupābunt
perfect nū̆ncupāvī nū̆ncupāvistī nū̆ncupāvit nū̆ncupāvimus nū̆ncupāvistis nū̆ncupāvērunt,
nū̆ncupāvēre
pluperfect nū̆ncupāveram nū̆ncupāverās nū̆ncupāverat nū̆ncupāverāmus nū̆ncupāverātis nū̆ncupāverant
future perfect nū̆ncupāverō nū̆ncupāveris nū̆ncupāverit nū̆ncupāverimus nū̆ncupāveritis nū̆ncupāverint
sigmatic future1 nū̆ncupāssō nū̆ncupāssis nū̆ncupāssit nū̆ncupāssimus nū̆ncupāssitis nū̆ncupāssint
passive present nū̆ncupor nū̆ncupāris,
nū̆ncupāre
nū̆ncupātur nū̆ncupāmur nū̆ncupāminī nū̆ncupantur
imperfect nū̆ncupābar nū̆ncupābāris,
nū̆ncupābāre
nū̆ncupābātur nū̆ncupābāmur nū̆ncupābāminī nū̆ncupābantur
future nū̆ncupābor nū̆ncupāberis,
nū̆ncupābere
nū̆ncupābitur nū̆ncupābimur nū̆ncupābiminī nū̆ncupābuntur
perfect nū̆ncupātus + present active indicative of sum
pluperfect nū̆ncupātus + imperfect active indicative of sum
future perfect nū̆ncupātus + future active indicative of sum
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present nū̆ncupem nū̆ncupēs nū̆ncupet nū̆ncupēmus nū̆ncupētis nū̆ncupent
imperfect nū̆ncupārem nū̆ncupārēs nū̆ncupāret nū̆ncupārēmus nū̆ncupārētis nū̆ncupārent
perfect nū̆ncupāverim nū̆ncupāverīs nū̆ncupāverit nū̆ncupāverīmus nū̆ncupāverītis nū̆ncupāverint
pluperfect nū̆ncupāvissem nū̆ncupāvissēs nū̆ncupāvisset nū̆ncupāvissēmus nū̆ncupāvissētis nū̆ncupāvissent
sigmatic aorist1 nū̆ncupāssim nū̆ncupāssīs nū̆ncupāssīt nū̆ncupāssīmus nū̆ncupāssītis nū̆ncupāssint
passive present nū̆ncuper nū̆ncupēris,
nū̆ncupēre
nū̆ncupētur nū̆ncupēmur nū̆ncupēminī nū̆ncupentur
imperfect nū̆ncupārer nū̆ncupārēris,
nū̆ncupārēre
nū̆ncupārētur nū̆ncupārēmur nū̆ncupārēminī nū̆ncupārentur
perfect nū̆ncupātus + present active subjunctive of sum
pluperfect nū̆ncupātus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present nū̆ncupā nū̆ncupāte
future nū̆ncupātō nū̆ncupātō nū̆ncupātōte nū̆ncupantō
passive present nū̆ncupāre nū̆ncupāminī
future nū̆ncupātor nū̆ncupātor nū̆ncupantor
non-finite forms active passive
present perfect future present perfect future
infinitives nū̆ncupāre nū̆ncupāvisse nū̆ncupātūrum esse nū̆ncupārī nū̆ncupātum esse nū̆ncupātum īrī
participles nū̆ncupāns nū̆ncupātūrus nū̆ncupātus nū̆ncupandus
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
nū̆ncupandī nū̆ncupandō nū̆ncupandum nū̆ncupandō nū̆ncupātum nū̆ncupātū

1At least one use of the archaic "sigmatic future" and "sigmatic aorist" tenses is attested, which are used by Old Latin writers; most notably Plautus and Terence. The sigmatic future is generally ascribed a future or future perfect meaning, while the sigmatic aorist expresses a possible desire ("might want to").

Derived terms

Descendants

  • English: nuncupate

References

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008), “nōmen”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 412
  2. ^ Charles E. Bennett (1907), “Hidden Quantity”, in The Latin Language – a historical outline of its sounds, inflections, and syntax, Boston: Allyn and Bacon, page 70

Further reading

  • nuncupo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • nuncupo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • nuncupo in Dizionario Latino, Olivetti
  • nuncupo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
  • Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to make a vow: vota facere, nuncupare, suscipere, concipere