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From Proto-Italic*knuks, from a root *knu- also found in Proto-Celtic*knūs (source of Irishcnó) and Proto-Germanic*hnuts (source of Englishnut). Based on the form of the nouns and the restriction of the root to Germanic, Celtic and Italic, it has been argued to be of non-Indo-European origin. De Vaan suggests that it is related to nūgae(“trifles”).
^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “nux”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 420
Further reading
“nux”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
“nux”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
nux in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
nux in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
“nux”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers