ohne

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See also: ohně

Central Franconian

Alternative forms

  • ohn (see usage notes below)
  • ohni, ohnt (scattered variants)

Etymology

From Middle High German āne, from Proto-Germanic *ēnu. The (partial) retention of the final schwa is irregular; the word must be inherited, however, because of the /ɔː/-vocalism, which is the regular outcome of Middle High German ā. Only the southernmost dialects show a raised vowel in line with Standard German ohne, but it is surely inherited there as well.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈɔːnə/ (Ripuarian, northern Moselle Franconian)
  • IPA(key): /ˈoːnə/ (southern Moselle Franconian)

Preposition

ohne (+ accusative/direct case)

  1. (most dialects) without
    Synonyms: songer, zonger (western Ripuarian, archaic)

Usage notes

  • The final -e is generally retained when the following word is stressed: ohne mich (“without me”). It may optionally be lost when the following word is unstressed: ohn(e) meng Frau (“without my wife”).

Derived terms

Czech

Pronunciation

Verb

ohne

  1. third-person singular future of ohnout

German

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Middle High German âne (“without”), from Old High German āna, ānu, āno (“without”), from Proto-Germanic *ēnu, *ēnō (“without”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁(n̥)new.

Cognate with Old Saxon āno (“without”), Old Frisian ōni (“without”), Old Norse án, ón (“without”), English on, ohn (“without”), Ancient Greek ἄνευ (áneu, “without”), Gothic 𐌹𐌽𐌿 (inu, “without”).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈoːnə/
  • audio(file)

Conjunction

ohne

  1. (+ dass or zu clause) without
    Viele Jahre sind vergangen, ohne dir zu sagen, was du mir bedeutest.
    Many years have gone by without telling you what you mean to me.

Preposition

ohne

  1. (+accusative) without
    Antonym: mit
    Ohne dich bin ich nichts.
    Without you I am nothing.

Derived terms

Adverb

ohne

  1. without
    Ich mag Fußball, aber ich kann auch ohne leben.
    I like soccer, but I could live without.

Usage notes

This use as an adverb is standard usage but generally avoided in (very) formal style.

Further reading

  • “ohne” in Duden online
  • “ohne” in Duden online
  • “ohne” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Hunsrik

Etymology

From Middle High German āne (“without”), from Old High German āna, ānu, āno (“without”), from Proto-Germanic *ēnu, *ēnō (“without”), from Proto-Indo-European *h₁(n̥)new.

Pronunciation

Preposition

ohne

  1. (+accusative) without
    Ohne Rehn kannd-ma’s net planze.
    Without rain you can not plant it.
    Das Esse ist ohne Salz.
    The food is without salt.
    Ich wolld blos en Nacht ohne das Barullie.
    I wanted only one night without noise.
    • 2020, Aesop, Piter Keo, De Wollef un das Lamm (yt):
      "Noja", saad de Wollef, "awer ich gehn net fort ohne mein Esse".
      "Ah well," the wolf said, "but I won't leave without my food."

Antonyms

Further reading

Slovak

Pronunciation

Noun

ohne

  1. nominative/accusative plural of oheň
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