ost

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See also: ōṣṭ, Ost, OST, ôt, öst, øst, osť, -ost, and -osť

English

Noun

ost (plural osts)

  1. Obsolete form of oast.

References

Anagrams

Danish

Etymology 1

From Old Danish oost, Old Norse ostr, from Proto-Germanic *jūstaz, *justaz.

Pronunciation

Noun

ost c (singular definite osten, plural indefinite oste)

  1. cheese
Inflection
Declension of ost
common
gender
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative ost osten oste ostene
genitive osts ostens ostes ostenes
Derived terms

Etymology 2

From Middle Low German ōst (east), from Proto-Germanic *austrą. Cognate of Danish øster, Danish øst.

Pronunciation

Adverb

ost

  1. (obsolete) east

Noun

ost

  1. (obsolete) east
Synonyms

Etymology 3

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Pronunciation

Verb

ost

  1. past participle of ose

Estonian

Noun

ost (genitive ostu, partitive ostu)

  1. purchase

Declension

Declension of ost (ÕS type 22e/riik, length gradation)
singular plural
nominative ost ostud
accusative nom.
gen. ostu
genitive ostude
partitive ostu oste
ostusid
illative ostu
ostusse
ostudesse
ostesse
inessive ostus ostudes
ostes
elative ostust ostudest
ostest
allative ostule ostudele
ostele
adessive ostul ostudel
ostel
ablative ostult ostudelt
ostelt
translative ostuks ostudeks
osteks
terminative ostuni ostudeni
essive ostuna ostudena
abessive ostuta ostudeta
comitative ostuga ostudega

Further reading

  • ost”, in Eesti keele seletav sõnaraamat [Descriptive Dictionary of the Estonian Language] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2009
  • ost”, in [ÕS] Eesti õigekeelsussõnaraamat ÕS 2018 [Estonian Spelling Dictionary] (in Estonian) (online version), Tallinn: Eesti Keele Sihtasutus (Estonian Language Foundation), 2018, →ISBN
  • ost in Sõnaveeb (Eesti Keele Instituut)

Faroese

Pronunciation

Noun

ost

  1. accusative singular of ostur

French

Etymology

From Middle French ost, from Old French ost, host, from Latin hostis. An archaic or literary term referring to an army from the Middle Ages, taken from Middle French (i.e. no longer reflecting a popularly inherited form). The modern pronunciation is based on the spelling, differing from the original one, which was /o/. Has survived as an inherited form in the dialects of the Picardy and Maine regions as o (herd).

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ɔst/
  • Audio (Canada):(file)

Noun

ost m (plural osts)

  1. (archaic, literary) host, army

Further reading

Icelandic

Noun

ost

  1. indefinite accusative singular of ostur

Latvian

Ost vīnu

Etymology

From *uosti, from Proto-Baltic *uod-ti, from *ōd-, from Proto-Indo-European *h₃ed- (to smell). Cognates include Lithuanian úosti, Old Czech jadati (to explore, to investigate), Ancient Greek ὄζω (ózō, to smell), Latin odōr (smell), Albanian amë (unpleasant smell).[1]

Pronunciation

This entry needs an audio pronunciation. If you are a native speaker with a microphone, please record this word. The recorded pronunciation will appear here when it's ready.

Verb

ost (transitive or intransitive, 1st conjugation, present ožu, od, , past odu)

  1. to smell (to perceive an odor)
    ost cepetito smell roast(ed meat)
    ost vīnuto smell the wine
    ost spirta smakuto smell the odor of alcohol
    strādājot virtuvē, visu laiku redzot, ožot ēdienu, it kā ēstgribas vairs navworking in a kitchen, seeing and smelling food all the time, it is as if one no longer had (= could feel) the desire to eat
  2. to smell, to sniff (to inhale air through the nose, usually several times, in order to try to perceive a smell)
    ost ēterito smell ether
    ožamais spirtssmelling salts, hartshorn (lit. smellable alcohol)
    divi cilvēki, piebāzuši pirkstu galus pie deguna, steidzīgi oda kaut ko baltu kā lauku vecenes šņaucamo tabakutwo people, bringing the tips of their fingers to their noses, quickly smelled something white, like old women snuffing tobacco in the countryside
  3. (figuratively, colloquial) to smell (to sense, to find out)
    saimnieks jau dabūjis ost, ka tu citu vietu meklējotiesthe landowner has already managed to smell that you are looking for another place
  4. to smell, to stink (to have, to spread a bad, unpleasant smell)
    te pēc benzīnait smells like gasoline here
    ost pēc ķiplokiem, siļķēm, alusto smell like garlic, herring, beer
  5. to smell (to have, to spread a pleasant odor)
    ost pēc odekolonato smell like eau-de-cologne
    puķe jauki the flower smells nice
    nokāpj gravā; pēc valgmes un pērnajām lapāmhe goes down the ravine; (there) it smells like dampness and last year's leaves
  6. (figuratively, colloquial) to smell (to suggest, make think of something, usually unpleasant)
    tas jau oda pēc fašismathat smelled like fascism

Conjugation

Conjugation of ost
indicative (īstenības izteiksme) imperative
(pavēles izteiksme)
present
(tagadne)
past
(pagātne)
future
(nākotne)
1st person sg es ožu odu odīšu
2nd person sg tu od odi odīsi od
3rd person sg viņš, viņa oda odīs lai
1st person pl mēs ožam odām odīsim odīsim
2nd person pl jūs ožat odāt odīsiet,
odīsit
odiet
3rd person pl viņi, viņas oda odīs lai
renarrative (atstāstījuma izteiksme) participles (divdabji)
present ožot present active 1 (adj.) odošs
past esot odis present active 2 (adv.) ozdams
future odīšot present active 3 (adv.) ožot
imperative lai ožot present active 4 (obj.) ožam
conditional (vēlējuma izteiksme) past active odis
present ostu present passive ožams
past būtu odis past passive osts
debitive (vajadzības izteiksme) nominal forms
indicative (būt) jāož infinitive (nenoteiksme) ost
conjunctive 1 esot jāož negative infinitive neost
conjunctive 2 jāožot verbal noun ošana

Synonyms

Derived terms

prefixed verbs:
other derived terms:

References

  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “ost”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN

Middle French

Etymology

From Old French ost, from Latin hostis.

Noun

ost m or f (plural osts)

  1. army

Descendants

  • French: ost

References

  • ost on Dictionnaire du Moyen Français (1330–1500) (in French)

Norwegian Bokmål

Norwegian Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia no

Etymology

From Danish ost, from Old Norse ostr.

Pronunciation

IPA(key): /ust/

Noun

ost m (definite singular osten, indefinite plural oster, definite plural ostene)

  1. cheese

Derived terms

References

Norwegian Nynorsk

Norwegian Nynorsk Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia nn

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Old Norse ostr, from Proto-Germanic *justaz.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ost/, /ust/
  • Hyphenation: òst

Noun

ost m (definite singular osten, indefinite plural ostar, definite plural ostane)

  1. cheese

Derived terms

References

Old English

Etymology

From Proto-West Germanic *ōst.

Pronunciation

Noun

ōst m

  1. knot in a tree

Declension

Strong a-stem:

Old French

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Latin hostis, hostem.

Noun

ost m or f

  1. army (armed military force)

Usage notes

  • Has a regular declension as both a masculine and a feminine noun
    nominative singular oz, oblique plural oz, nominative plural ost when masculine
    nominative singular ost, oblique plural oz, nominative plural oz when feminine
  • see Appendix:Old French nouns

Descendants

  • Middle French: ost
    • French: ost (archaic)

Papiamentu

Etymology

From Dutch oost.

Adjective

ost

  1. east

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from German Osten.

Noun

ost n (plural osturi)

  1. (dated) east

Declension

Declension of ost
singular plural
indefinite definite indefinite definite
nominative-accusative ost ostul osturi osturile
genitive-dative ost ostului osturi osturilor
vocative ostule osturilor

Romansch

Etymology

From a Germanic language.

Noun

ost m (plural osts)

  1. east

Synonyms

Antonyms

Derived terms

Slovene

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *ostь.

Pronunciation

Noun

ọ̑st f

  1. sharp tip

Declension

The diacritics used in this section of the entry are non-tonal. If you are a native tonal speaker, please help by adding the tonal marks.
Feminine, i-stem, long mixed accent
nom. sing. óst
gen. sing. ostí
singular dual plural
nominative
(imenovȃlnik)
óst ostí ostí
genitive
(rodȋlnik)
ostí ostí ostí
dative
(dajȃlnik)
ôsti ostéma ostém
accusative
(tožȋlnik)
óst ostí ostí
locative
(mẹ̑stnik)
ôsti ostéh ostéh
instrumental
(orọ̑dnik)
ostjó ostéma ostmí

Further reading

  • ost”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU (in Slovene), 2014–2025

Swedish

Swedish Wikipedia has an article on:
Wikipedia sv
en ost (Grevé)
Västerbottensost
mjukost ]
en osthyvel ]

Pronunciation

Etymology 1

From Old Swedish oster, from Old Norse ostr, from Proto-Germanic *justaz, from Proto-Indo-European *yéwHs.

Noun

ost c

  1. (countable, uncountable) cheese
    en ostmacka med skivad gurka
    a cheese sandwich with sliced cucumber
    en ostskiva / en skiva ost
    a slice of cheese
Declension
Derived terms

See also

Etymology 2

Alternative forms

Adverb

ost (not comparable)

  1. east
    Kotka ligger ost om Helsingfors.
    Kotka lies east of Helsinki.

Noun

ost c (uncountable)

  1. east

See also

compass points: kompasspunkter:  [edit]

nordväst norr
nord
nordost
nordöst
väster
väst
öster
öst
ost
sydväst söder
syd
sydost
sydöst

References

Anagrams

Tocharian B

Etymology

From Proto-Tocharian *wɔstä, maybe from Proto-Indo-European *weh₂s-tu-; compare Ancient Greek ἄστυ (ástu, town) and Sanskrit वास्तु (vāstu). Compare Tocharian A waṣt.

Noun

ost m (genitive singular ostantse, oblique singular ost, nominative plural ostwa)

  1. house

Usage notes

Often found in the phrases ostmeṃ lät- (lit. “leave home”), meaning “to become a (Buddhist) monk”, and ostmeṃ ltu, “Buddhist monk”. This term reflects the Sanskrit equivalent प्रव्रज्य (pravrajya​, go forth). Note that a similar expression, probably a calque, is also found in Chinese 出家 (chūjiā, renounce the family to become a Buddhist monk or nun).

Vilamovian

Pronunciation

Noun

ost m

  1. bough, branch