późno

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See also: pozno, póżno, and poźno

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish poźno. By surface analysis, późny +‎ -o.

Pronunciation

Adverb

późno (comparative później, superlative najpóźniej)

  1. late (after a set time)
    Antonym: wcześnie
  2. late (in the later part of the day)
    Antonym: wcześnie
  3. late (after a longer time than usual or expected)
    Antonym: wcześnie
  4. late (being of relatively advanced age)
    Antonym: wcześnie

Derived terms

adverbs
phrases

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), późno is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 40 times in scientific texts, 12 times in news, 10 times in essays, 34 times in fiction, and 31 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 127 times, making it the 470th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

References

  1. ^ Ida Kurcz (1990) “późno”, in Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej [Frequency dictionary of the Polish language]‎ (in Polish), volume 1, Kraków, Warszawa: Polska Akademia Nauk. Instytut Języka Polskiego, page 429

Further reading

  • późno in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
  • późno in Polish dictionaries at PWN
  • Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “późno”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
  • Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “późno”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎
  • Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “późno”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎
  • A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1908), “późno”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎ (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw, page 964
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