pani

Angloromani

Alternative forms

• pali, pan, panni, pawni

Etymology

Inherited from Romani pani.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): , , , , , , ,

Noun

pani

1. water

   Synonyms: mungri, pia

2. brook
3. drink
4. tea
5. pond
6. lake
7. sea

   Synonyms: bawro pani, bori lun pani, lon bori pani

8. rain
9. river

   Synonym: boro pani

10. tears
11. urine

    Synonym: mutter

Derived terms

References

• “pani”, in Angloromani Dictionary‎, The Manchester Romani Project, 2004-2006, page 158

Balkan Romani

Etymology

Inherited from Romani pani. Doublet of pahni.

Noun

pani m

1. (Bugurdži, Crimea, Kosovo Arli, Macedonian Arli, Sepečides, Sofia Erli, Ursari) water

   Synonym: (Crimea) panisi

Derived terms

Baltic Romani

Alternative forms

• paňi (Latvia)
• panî (North Russia)

Etymology

Inherited from Romani pani.

Noun

pani m

1. (Lithuania) water

   Synonym: (Latvia) paaňing

Derived terms

Carpathian Romani

Alternative forms

• paani, paaňi (Romungro)
• paj (Burgenland)
• paji, paňi (Gurvari, Hungarian Vend)
• paň (Hungarian Vend)
• páni (Veršend)
• pauňi (Prekmurski)

Etymology

Inherited from Romani pani.

Noun

pani m

1. (Burgenland, East Slovakia, Gurvari) water
2. (East Slovakia) sweat, perspiration
3. (Gurvari) river, lake

Derived terms

Erromintxela

Etymology

Inherited from Romani pani.

Noun

pani

1. water

   Synonym: panina

2. sea

References

• “pani” in Alexandre Baudrimont, Vocabulaire de la langue des Bohémiens habitant les pays basques français, Bordeaux: G. Gounouilhou, 1862, →OCLC, page 38.

Estonian

Verb

pani

1. third-person singular past indicative of panema

Finnish

Verb

pani

1. third-person singular past indicative of panna

Anagrams

• apin, pain, pian

Halbi

Noun

pani

1. water

References

• Ronald L. Trail, Patterns in clause, sentence, and discourse in selected languages of India and Nepal 4: Word lists (1973), Summer Institute of Linguistics Publications in Linguistics and Related Fields 41(4), page 17

Ido

Noun

pani

1. plural of pano

Italian

Noun

pani m

1. plural of pane

Anagrams

• Pina, pian, pina

Kavalan

Noun

pani

1. bow (for shooting)
2. knitting tool (shuttle)

Latin

Noun

pānī

1. dative singular of pānis

Masurian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish pani.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Syllabification: pa‧ni

Noun

pani f (male equivalent pán)

1. female equivalent of pán (“gentlewoman, woman”) (specific male person, especially one unknown to the speaker)
2. female equivalent of pán (“mistress, lord”) (person with power over something; owner of something)
3. female equivalent of pán (“Ms, misses”) (title before a last name)

Pronoun

pani f (masculine pán)

1. you polite second person f nominative, it takes verbs as third-person sg form

Further reading

• Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2021) “pani”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur‎, volume 6, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, pages 22-23

Old Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *gъpanьji. First attested in the 14th century.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /pani/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /pani/

Noun

pani f (male equivalent pan)

1. female equivalent of pan (“lady”) (master of a feudal manor)
   • 1959 [1389], Henryk Kowalewicz, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz, editors, Wielkopolskie roty sądowe XIV-XV wieku, Roty poznańskie, volume I, number 63:

     Jaco pani szastauila swe dobro i cupila trzeczø czanscz Kuropatnik

     [Jako pani zastawiła swe dobro i kupiła trzecią część Kuropatnik]

2. form of respect for non-noblewomen
   • 1858 [c. 1408], “Wyroki sądów miejskich czyli ortyle [Urban court rulings i.e. "Ortyls"]”, in Wacław Aleksander Maciejowski, editor, Historia prawodawstw słowiańskich [History of Slavic lawmaking], volume 6, page 69:

     Hannus zalowal na panyą Anną

     [Hannusz żałował na panią Annę]

3. female equivalent of pan (“wife, especially one of a castellan”)
   • 1861 [1398], Pismo poświęcone naukom, sztukom i przemysłowi‎, volume III, Biblioteka Warszawska, page 34:

     Tekdi gdi stala ossada pane bytgostkey hy Paskowa, tedi poslali comornika hy vosnego do paney hy do Paska

     [Tegdy gdy stała osada panie bydgostkiej i Paszkowa, tedy posłali komornika hi woźnego do paniej hi do Paszka]

4. female equivalent of pan (“lady”) (owner of land)
   • 1939 [end of the 14th century], Ryszard Ganszyniec, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Kubica, Ludwik Bernacki, editors, Psałterz florjański łacińsko-polsko-niemiecki [Latin-Polish-German Florian Psalter]‎, Zakład Narodowy imienia Ossolińskich, z zasiłkiem Sejmu Śląskiego [The Ossoliński National Institute: with the benefit of the Silesian Parliament], pages 122, 3:

     Yako oczy poselkyney w røkv *pøney (dominae) swogey, tako oczy nasze kv panv bogv

     [Jako oczy posełkiniej w ręku paniej (dominae) swojej, tako oczy nasze ku Panu Bogu]

5. female equivalent of pan (“lady, woman”) (female human)
   • 1415, O zachowaniu się przy stole‎, line 74:

     Tako panna yako pany ma to wedecz, czszo szø gany

     [Tako panna jako pani ma to wiedzieć, cso się gani]

Related terms

Descendants

• Masurian: pani
• Polish: pani
  • → Belarusian: па́ні (páni)
  • → Russian: па́ни (páni)
  • → Ukrainian: па́ні (páni)
  • → Yiddish: פּאַני (pani)
• Silesian: pani

References

• Boryś, Wiesław (2005) “pani”, in Słownik etymologiczny języka polskiego (in Polish), Kraków: Wydawnictwo Literackie, →ISBN
• Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “pani”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “pani”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish pani.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpa.ɲi/

• Audio 1

  (file)

• Audio 2

  (file)

• Rhymes: -aɲi
• Syllabification: pa‧ni
• Homophone: Pani

Noun

pani f (male equivalent pan)

1. female equivalent of pan (“woman”) (specific female person, especially one unknown to the speaker)
2. female equivalent of pan (“Mrs; miss”) (title before a last name)
3. female equivalent of pan (“mistress, lady”) (person with power over something)
4. female equivalent of pan (“madam”) (rich, well-presenting person)
5. female equivalent of pan (“lady”) (master of a house)
6. female equivalent of pan (“teacher”)
7. (Middle Polish) female equivalent of pan (“protector”)

   Synonym: protektorka

8. (Middle Polish) female equivalent of pan (“owner”)

   Synonym: właścicielka

Pronoun

pani f (masculine pan)

1. female equivalent of pan (“you”) (polite second person f nominative, it takes verbs as third-person sg form)

   Coordinate terms: pan, państwo

Declension

See also

• pana, twój
• pan
• panna
• państwo
• Appendix:Polish pronouns

Descendants

• → Belarusian: па́ні (páni)
• → Russian: па́ни (páni)
• → Ukrainian: па́ні (páni)
• → Yiddish: פּאַני (pani)

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), pani is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 7 times in scientific texts, 5 times in news, 4 times in essays, 102 times in fiction, and 538 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 656 times, making it the 71st most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

References

Further reading

• pani in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• pani in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “pani”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• Paweł Kupiszewski (15.06.2020) “PANI”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “pani”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “pani”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎
• A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1908), “pani”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎ (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw, page 34
• pani in Narodowy Fotokorpus Języka Polskiego

Quechua

Noun

pani

1. sister of a man
2. sister of a brother

Declension

See also

• ñaña
• turi
• wawqi

Romani

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit 𑀧𑀸𑀡𑀻𑀅 (pāṇīa), from Sanskrit पानीय (pānīya). Cognates include Gujarati પાણી (pāṇī), Hindi पानी (pānī), Punjabi ਪਾਣੀ (pāṇī), Rajasthani पाणी (pāṇī).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pa.ˈni/

Noun

pani m inan (nominative plural panǎ)

1. water

   O pani si maj śudro akana.

   The water is colder now.

Derived terms

• baro pani

Descendants

References

Samoan

Noun

pani

1. bun

Sardinian

Alternative forms

• pane (Logudorese)

Etymology

From Latin pānis (“bread”).

Noun

pani

1. bread

Sicilian

Etymology

From Latin pānis, pānem (“bread”).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Hyphenation: pà‧ni

Noun

pani m (plural pani)

1. bread
   • 1905, Reinhold Rost, The Lord's prayer in five hundred languages, page 135:

     Danni oggi lu nostru pani quotidianu.

     Give us this day our daily bread.

Silesian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish pani.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpaɲi/
• Rhymes: -aɲi
• Syllabification: pa‧ni

Noun

pani f (male equivalent pōn)

1. female equivalent of pōn (“woman”)

   Synonyms: kobiyta, żyńskŏ

2. formal way of addressing a woman; female equivalent of pōn (“lady”)
3. female equivalent of pōn (“lord, mistress”)

Further reading

• pani in silling.org

Sinte Romani

Noun

pani m

1. Alternative form of paňi (“water; river, lake”)

Slovak

Etymology

Unknown etymology.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpaɲi/

Noun

pani f (genitive singular panej, nominative plural panie, genitive plural paní, declension pattern of pani)

1. lady
2. (not inflected) Mrs or Lady

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

• “pani”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English funny.

Adjective

pani

1. funny

Traveller Norwegian

Etymology

Inherited from Romani pani.

Noun

pani

1. water
2. river
3. lake
4. brook
5. dew

References

• “pani” in Norwegian Romani Dictionary.
• “pani” in Tavringens Rakripa: Romanifolkets Ordbok, Landsorganisasjonen for Romanifolket.

Venetian

Noun

pani

1. plural of pan

Vlax Romani

Noun

pani m

1. Lovara form of paj (“water, lake, river”)

Welsh Romani

Etymology

Inherited from Romani pani.

Noun

pani m

1. water
2. body of water, river, lake, stream, sea

Derived terms

References

• “pani” in Welsh Romani-English Dictionary, ROMLEX – the Romani Lexicon Project, 2000.

West Makian

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpa.n̪i/

Noun

pani

1. the buttocks

   Synonym: gua

References

• Clemens Voorhoeve (1982) The Makian languages and their neighbours‎, Pacific linguistics

Yeniche

Etymology

Borrowed from Romani pani.

Noun

pani

1. water

References

• Lützenhardter - Wörterbuch, page 22
• Christian Efing, Jenisch unter Schaustellern (2004), page 104