Inherited from Middle French parler, from Old French parler, from Early Medieval Latin parabolāre, from Latin parabola (“parable, comparison”), from Ancient Greek παραβολή (parabolḗ).
Audio: | (file) |
parler
infinitive | simple | parler | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle or gerund1 | simple | parlant /paʁ.lɑ̃/ | |||||
compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
past participle | parlé /paʁ.le/ | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | parle /paʁl/2 |
parles /paʁl/ |
parle /paʁl/ |
parlons /paʁ.lɔ̃/ |
parlez /paʁ.le/ |
parlent /paʁl/ |
imperfect | parlais /paʁ.lɛ/ |
parlais /paʁ.lɛ/ |
parlait /paʁ.lɛ/ |
parlions /paʁ.ljɔ̃/ |
parliez /paʁ.lje/ |
parlaient /paʁ.lɛ/ | |
past historic3 | parlai /paʁ.le/ |
parlas /paʁ.la/ |
parla /paʁ.la/ |
parlâmes /paʁ.lam/ |
parlâtes /paʁ.lat/ |
parlèrent /paʁ.lɛʁ/ | |
future | parlerai /paʁ.lə.ʁe/ |
parleras /paʁ.lə.ʁa/ |
parlera /paʁ.lə.ʁa/ |
parlerons /paʁ.lə.ʁɔ̃/ |
parlerez /paʁ.lə.ʁe/ |
parleront /paʁ.lə.ʁɔ̃/ | |
conditional | parlerais /paʁ.lə.ʁɛ/ |
parlerais /paʁ.lə.ʁɛ/ |
parlerait /paʁ.lə.ʁɛ/ |
parlerions /paʁ.lə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
parleriez /paʁ.lə.ʁje/ |
parleraient /paʁ.lə.ʁɛ/ | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior3 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | parle /paʁl/2 |
parles /paʁl/ |
parle /paʁl/ |
parlions /paʁ.ljɔ̃/ |
parliez /paʁ.lje/ |
parlent /paʁl/ |
imperfect3 | parlasse /paʁ.las/ |
parlasses /paʁ.las/ |
parlât /paʁ.la/ |
parlassions /paʁ.la.sjɔ̃/ |
parlassiez /paʁ.la.sje/ |
parlassent /paʁ.las/ | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect3 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | parle /paʁl/ |
— | parlons /paʁ.lɔ̃/ |
parlez /paʁ.le/ |
— | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 parlé when inverted. | |||||||
3 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). |
parler m (plural parlers)
parler
From Old French parler.
parler
infinitive | simple | parler | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
present participle1 or gerund2 | simple | parlant | |||||
compound | present participle or gerund of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past participle | parlé | ||||||
singular | plural | ||||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | ie (i’) | tu | il, elle | nous | vous | ilz, elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | parle | parles | parle | parlons | parlez | parlent |
imperfect | parlois, parloys | parlois, parloys | parloit, parloyt | parlions, parlyons | parliez, parlyez | parloient, parloyent | |
past historic | parla | parlas | parla | parlasmes | parlastes | parlerent | |
future | parlerai, parleray | parleras | parlera | parlerons | parlerez | parleront | |
conditional | parlerois, parleroys | parlerois, parleroys | parleroit, parleroyt | parlerions, parleryons | parleriez, parleryez | parleroient, parleroyent | |
(compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que ie (i’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ilz, qu’elles | |
(simple tenses) |
present | parle | parles | parle | parlons | parlez | parlent |
imperfect | parlasse | parlasses | parlast | parlassions | parlassiez | parlassent | |
(compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | – | – | ||||
simple | — | parle | — | parlons | parlez | — | |
compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
1 The present participle was variable in gender and number until the 17th century (Anne Sancier-Château , Une esthétique nouvelle: Honoré d'Urfé, correcteur de l'Astrée, p. 179). The French Academy would eventually declare it not to be declined in 1679. | |||||||
2 The gerund was held to be invariable by grammarians of the early 17th century, and was usable with preposition en, as in Modern French, although the preposition was not mandatory (Anne Sancier-Château , op. cit., p. 180). |
From Old French parler, from Early Medieval Latin parabolāre.
parler
infinitive | parler | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
gerund | parlant | ||||||
auxiliary | aveir1 | ||||||
past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
singular | parlé | parlée | |||||
plural | parlés | parlées | |||||
singular | plural | ||||||
1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | 1st person | 2nd person | 3rd person | ||
indicative | je (j') | tu (t') | il, alle, nos |
je (nos) |
vos | il, alles | |
present | parle | parles | parle | parloms | parlez | parlent | |
imperfect | parleis | parleis | parleit | parlioms | parliez | parleient | |
preterite | parlis | parlis | parlit | parlîmes | parlîtes | parlîtrent | |
future | parlerai | parleras | parlera | parleroms | parlerez | parleront | |
conditional | parlereis | parlereis | parlereit | parlerioms | parleriez | parlereient | |
subjunctive | que je (j') | que te (t') | qu'il, qu'alle, que nos |
que je (que nos) |
que vos | qu'il, qu'alles | |
present | parle | parles | parle | parlioms | parliez | parlent | |
imperfect | parlisse | parlisse | parlît parlisse |
parlissioms | parlissiez | parlissent | |
imperative | — | tu | — | je (nos) |
vos | — | |
parle | parloms | parlez | |||||
1Used with past participles. |
From Early Medieval Latin parabolāre.
parler
This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. The forms that would normally end in *-ols, *-olt are modified to ous, out. This verb has a stressed present stem parol distinct from the unstressed stem parl. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.
simple | compound | ||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
infinitive | parler | avoir parlé | |||||
gerund | en parlant | gerund of avoir + past participle | |||||
present participle | parlant | ||||||
past participle | parlé | ||||||
person | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
indicative | jo | tu | il | nos | vos | il | |
simple tenses |
present | parol | paroles | parole | parlons | parlez | parolent |
imperfect | parloie, parleie, parloe, parleve | parloies, parleies, parloes, parleves | parloit, parleit, parlot, parleve | parliiens, parliens | parliiez, parliez | parloient, parleient, parloent, parlevent | |
preterite | parlai | parlas | parla | parlames | parlastes | parlerent | |
future | parlerai | parleras | parlera | parlerons | parleroiz, parlereiz, parlerez | parleront | |
conditional | parleroie, parlereie | parleroies, parlereies | parleroit, parlereit | parleriiens, parleriens | parleriiez, parleriez | parleroient, parlereient | |
compound tenses |
present perfect | present tense of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
past anterior | preterite tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
future perfect | future tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
conditional perfect | conditional tense of avoir + past participle | ||||||
subjunctive | que jo | que tu | qu’il | que nos | que vos | qu’il | |
simple tenses |
present | parol | parous | parout | parlons | parlez | parolent |
imperfect | parlasse | parlasses | parlast | parlissons, parlissiens | parlissoiz, parlissez, parlissiez | parlassent | |
compound tenses |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
pluperfect | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
imperative | – | tu | – | nos | vos | – | |
— | parole | — | parlons | parlez | — |