paska
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English
Etymology
From Ukrainian па́ска (páska) and Russian па́ска (páska), borrowing from Ancient Greek πάσκα (páska), phonetic variant of πάσχα (páskha), from Aramaic פסחא (pasḥa), from Hebrew פֶּסַח (pesaḥ). Doublet of Pesach.
Noun
paska (countable and uncountable, plural paskas)
- (Canada) A traditional Ukrainian egg bread, often decorated, used in Easter traditions.
- Alternative form of paskha
Translations
Ukrainian egg bread
|
paskha — see paskha
Anagrams
Chickasaw
Etymology
Cognate to Choctaw paska (“bread; to make bread”), Creek apáski (“parched meal”).
Pronunciation
Noun
paska (alienable)
- bread, a loaf of bread
- 1984, Pamela Munro, cited in External possession (eds. Doris Payne and Immanuel Barshi), p. 121:
- Ofi'-at ihoo-ā paska im-apa-tok.
dog-NOM woman-OBL bread 3SG:REC-eat-PAST
'The dog ate the woman's bread.'- (please add an English translation of this quotation)
- 1984, Pamela Munro, cited in External possession (eds. Doris Payne and Immanuel Barshi), p. 121:
- biscuits
Inflection
Class III Noun Possession (Alienable)
| Nouns in vowel-, b-, or p- | Singular | Plural | Inclusive Tri-Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st-person ("my, our") | ampaska am-paska |
pompaska pom-paska |
hapompaska hapom-paska |
| 2nd-person ("thy, your") | chimpaska chim-paska |
hachimpaska hachim-paska | |
| 3rd-person ("his, her, its, their") | impaska im-paska | ||
Derived terms
- oshpaanimpaska
- pakka
- paska banaa'
- paska bosholli'
- paska champoli'
- paska chilili'
- paska hakshop
- paska hawashko'
- paska holiito'pa'
- paska hoshollo'
- paska ikbi'
- paska ishbilamachi'
- paska ishshatabli'
- paska kallo'
- paska latassa'
- paska nipi' ittalatta'a'
- paska shatabli'
- paska shila'
- paska toba'
- paska toshafa'
- paska toshahli'
- paskaa-alhposha'
- paskaaikbi'
- paskaalhto'
- paskaanonachi'
- paskaaposhli'
- paskalhfola'
- paskalhposha'
- paskawaalhaali'
- paskinkano'miksho'
- paskishkatolhlhi'
- paskishtonton'kalhchi'
- paskokchamali'
Verb
paska (active, in/transitive)
- to make bread (I)
- to make baked goods (I;3)
- to make into bread (I;II)
Inflection
Class I Verb Subjects (Active)
| Verbs beginning with a consonant. | Singular | Plural | Inclusive Tri-Plural |
|---|---|---|---|
| 1st-person (I, we) | paskali paska-li |
iipaska / iliipaska / liipaska ii-paska / ilii-paska / lii-paska |
iloopaska iloo-paska |
| 2nd-person (you, you all) | ishpaska ish-paska |
hashpaska hash-paska | |
| 3rd-person (he, she, it, they) | paska | (hoo)paska (hoo-)paska | |
Derived terms
Estonian
Noun
paska
Finnish
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *paska, from Proto-Finno-Ugric *pućka (with irregular vowel development). Cognate with Estonian pask, Northern Sami baika, Erzya пскиземс (pskiźems, “to have diarrhea”), Eastern Mari пушкедаш (puškedaš, “to defecate”), Hungarian fos.
Pronunciation
Noun
paska
- (dated or vulgar) shit, crap, turd (excrement)
- (vulgar) bullshit, crap, shit, nonsense (false or exaggerated statements made to impress and deceive the listener rather than inform)
- (vulgar) piece of shit, crap (bad thing, something of poor quality)
- (vulgar) Synonym of paskiainen (“piece of shit, sense despicable person”)
- Sinä olet täysi paska.
- You are a complete piece of shit.
- (vulgar, chiefly in the negative) shit, jack shit (nothing, lack of anything of value) (with -kaan)
- Synonym: mitään
- Et tiedä politiikasta paskaakaan.
- You don't know jack shit about politics.
- En välitä paskaakaan siitä, mitä ajattelet.
- I don't give a shit (about) what you think.
Declension
| Inflection of paska (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | paska | paskat | |
| genitive | paskan | paskojen | |
| partitive | paskaa | paskoja | |
| illative | paskaan | paskoihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | paska | paskat | |
| accusative | nom. | paska | paskat |
| gen. | paskan | ||
| genitive | paskan | paskojen paskain rare | |
| partitive | paskaa | paskoja | |
| inessive | paskassa | paskoissa | |
| elative | paskasta | paskoista | |
| illative | paskaan | paskoihin | |
| adessive | paskalla | paskoilla | |
| ablative | paskalta | paskoilta | |
| allative | paskalle | paskoille | |
| essive | paskana | paskoina | |
| translative | paskaksi | paskoiksi | |
| abessive | paskatta | paskoitta | |
| instructive | — | paskoin | |
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | ||
Adjective
paska (comparative paskempi, superlative paskin) (vulgar)
- shitty, crappy (bad, sick, or depressed)
- Hän on paskassa kunnossa.
- He is in a shitty condition.
- crappy, shitty, lousy, tatty (of poor quality)
- Tuo on paska auto.
- That is a crappy car.
- (in essive or translative) fucked (broken)
- Tietokoneeni on paskana.
- My computer is fucked.
- Tietokoneeni meni paskaksi.
- My computer broke down.
Declension
| Inflection of paska (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | |||
|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | paska | paskat | |
| genitive | paskan | paskojen | |
| partitive | paskaa | paskoja | |
| illative | paskaan | paskoihin | |
| singular | plural | ||
| nominative | paska | paskat | |
| accusative | nom. | paska | paskat |
| gen. | paskan | ||
| genitive | paskan | paskojen paskain rare | |
| partitive | paskaa | paskoja | |
| inessive | paskassa | paskoissa | |
| elative | paskasta | paskoista | |
| illative | paskaan | paskoihin | |
| adessive | paskalla | paskoilla | |
| ablative | paskalta | paskoilta | |
| allative | paskalle | paskoille | |
| essive | paskana | paskoina | |
| translative | paskaksi | paskoiksi | |
| abessive | paskatta | paskoitta | |
| instructive | — | paskoin | |
| comitative | — | paskoine | |
| Possessive forms of paska (Kotus type 9/kala, no gradation) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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| Rare. Only used with substantive adjectives. | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
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Synonyms
- (bad, sick or depressed): kurja, surkea
- (broken): rikki, surkea
- (of poor quality): huonolaatuinen, surkea
Derived terms
compounds
- hevonpaska
- hevosenpaska
- hyttysenpaska
- hätäpaska
- kananpaska
- kateenpaska
- kissanpaska
- koiranpaska
- krapulapaska
- kyykkypaska
- lokinpaska
- niskapaska
- paskaduuni
- paskahalvaus
- paskahousu
- paskahuusi
- paskahuussi
- paskalakki
- paskamyrsky
- paskanaama
- paskanmarjat
- paskanpuhuja
- paskantärkeä
- paskapaperi
- paskapostata
- paskapostaus
- paskapuhe
- paskapää
- paskatyö
- Passoja
- ripulipaska
- sysipaska
Interjection
paska (vulgar)
- (often in the plural) shit!, fuck!
- Voi paskat! Unohdin maksaa parkkisakon.
- Oh, shit! I forgot to pay that parking ticket.
Further reading
- “paska”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Gothic
Romanization
paska
- Romanization of 𐍀𐌰𐍃𐌺𐌰
Ingrian
Etymology
From Proto-Finnic *paska. Cognates include Finnish paska and Estonian pask.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈpɑskɑ/,
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈpɑskɑ/,
- Rhymes: -ɑsk, -ɑskɑ
- Hyphenation: pas‧ka
Noun
paska
- diarrhoea (watery excrement)
|
This entry needs quotations to illustrate usage. If you come across any interesting, durably archived quotes then please add them! |
Adjective
paska (comparative pasemp)
Declension
| Declension of paska (type 3/kana, k- gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | paska | pasat |
| genitive | pasan | paskoin |
| partitive | paskaa | paskoja |
| illative | paskaa | paskoi |
| inessive | pasas | pasois |
| elative | pasast | pasoist |
| allative | pasalle | pasoille |
| adessive | pasal | pasoil |
| ablative | pasalt | pasoilt |
| translative | pasaks | pasoiks |
| essive | paskanna, paskaan | paskoinna, paskoin |
| exessive1) | paskant | paskoint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
Derived terms
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 388
Quechua
Alternative forms
Noun
paska
Declension
declension of paska
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | paska | paskakuna |
| accusative | paskata | paskakunata |
| dative | paskaman | paskakunaman |
| genitive | paskap | paskakunap |
| locative | paskapi | paskakunapi |
| terminative | paskakama | paskakunakama |
| ablative | paskamanta | paskakunamanta |
| instrumental | paskawan | paskakunawan |
| comitative | paskantin | paskakunantin |
| abessive | paskannaq | paskakunannaq |
| comparative | paskahina | paskakunahina |
| causative | paskarayku | paskakunarayku |
| benefactive | paskapaq | paskakunapaq |
| associative | paskapura | paskakunapura |
| distributive | paskanka | paskakunanka |
| exclusive | paskalla | paskakunalla |
possessive forms of paska
ñuqap - first-person singular
| ñuqap (my) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | paskay | paskaykuna |
| accusative | paskayta | paskaykunata |
| dative | paskayman | paskaykunaman |
| genitive | paskaypa | paskaykunap |
| locative | paskaypi | paskaykunapi |
| terminative | paskaykama | paskaykunakama |
| ablative | paskaymanta | paskaykunamanta |
| instrumental | paskaywan | paskaykunawan |
| comitative | paskaynintin | paskaykunantin |
| abessive | paskayninnaq | paskaykunannaq |
| comparative | paskayhina | paskaykunahina |
| causative | paskayrayku | paskaykunarayku |
| benefactive | paskaypaq | paskaykunapaq |
| associative | paskaypura | paskaykunapura |
| distributive | paskayninka | paskaykunanka |
| exclusive | paskaylla | paskaykunalla |
qampa - second-person singular
| qampa (your) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | paskayki | paskaykikuna |
| accusative | paskaykita | paskaykikunata |
| dative | paskaykiman | paskaykikunaman |
| genitive | paskaykipa | paskaykikunap |
| locative | paskaykipi | paskaykikunapi |
| terminative | paskaykikama | paskaykikunakama |
| ablative | paskaykimanta | paskaykikunamanta |
| instrumental | paskaykiwan | paskaykikunawan |
| comitative | paskaykintin | paskaykikunantin |
| abessive | paskaykinnaq | paskaykikunannaq |
| comparative | paskaykihina | paskaykikunahina |
| causative | paskaykirayku | paskaykikunarayku |
| benefactive | paskaykipaq | paskaykikunapaq |
| associative | paskaykipura | paskaykikunapura |
| distributive | paskaykinka | paskaykikunanka |
| exclusive | paskaykilla | paskaykikunalla |
paypa - third-person singular
| paypa (his/her/its) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | paskan | paskankuna |
| accusative | paskanta | paskankunata |
| dative | paskanman | paskankunaman |
| genitive | paskanpa | paskankunap |
| locative | paskanpi | paskankunapi |
| terminative | paskankama | paskankunakama |
| ablative | paskanmanta | paskankunamanta |
| instrumental | paskanwan | paskankunawan |
| comitative | paskanintin | paskankunantin |
| abessive | paskanninnaq | paskankunannaq |
| comparative | paskanhina | paskankunahina |
| causative | paskanrayku | paskankunarayku |
| benefactive | paskanpaq | paskankunapaq |
| associative | paskanpura | paskankunapura |
| distributive | paskaninka | paskankunanka |
| exclusive | paskanlla | paskankunalla |
ñuqanchikpa - first-person inclusive plural
| ñuqanchikpa (our(incl)) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | paskanchik | paskanchikkuna |
| accusative | paskanchikta | paskanchikkunata |
| dative | paskanchikman | paskanchikkunaman |
| genitive | paskanchikpa | paskanchikkunap |
| locative | paskanchikpi | paskanchikkunapi |
| terminative | paskanchikkama | paskanchikkunakama |
| ablative | paskanchikmanta | paskanchikkunamanta |
| instrumental | paskanchikwan | paskanchikkunawan |
| comitative | paskanchiknintin | paskanchikkunantin |
| abessive | paskanchikninnaq | paskanchikkunannaq |
| comparative | paskanchikhina | paskanchikkunahina |
| causative | paskanchikrayku | paskanchikkunarayku |
| benefactive | paskanchikpaq | paskanchikkunapaq |
| associative | paskanchikpura | paskanchikkunapura |
| distributive | paskanchikninka | paskanchikkunanka |
| exclusive | paskanchiklla | paskanchikkunalla |
ñuqaykup - first-person exclusive plural
| ñuqaykup (our(excl)) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | paskayku | paskaykukuna |
| accusative | paskaykuta | paskaykukunata |
| dative | paskaykuman | paskaykukunaman |
| genitive | paskaykupa | paskaykukunap |
| locative | paskaykupi | paskaykukunapi |
| terminative | paskaykukama | paskaykukunakama |
| ablative | paskaykumanta | paskaykukunamanta |
| instrumental | paskaykuwan | paskaykukunawan |
| comitative | paskaykuntin | paskaykukunantin |
| abessive | paskaykunnaq | paskaykukunannaq |
| comparative | paskaykuhina | paskaykukunahina |
| causative | paskaykurayku | paskaykukunarayku |
| benefactive | paskaykupaq | paskaykukunapaq |
| associative | paskaykupura | paskaykukunapura |
| distributive | paskaykunka | paskaykukunanka |
| exclusive | paskaykulla | paskaykukunalla |
qamkunap - second-person plural
| qamkunap (your(pl)) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | paskaykichik | paskaykichikkuna |
| accusative | paskaykichikta | paskaykichikkunata |
| dative | paskaykichikman | paskaykichikkunaman |
| genitive | paskaykichikpa | paskaykichikkunap |
| locative | paskaykichikpi | paskaykichikkunapi |
| terminative | paskaykichikkama | paskaykichikkunakama |
| ablative | paskaykichikmanta | paskaykichikkunamanta |
| instrumental | paskaykichikwan | paskaykichikkunawan |
| comitative | paskaykichiknintin | paskaykichikkunantin |
| abessive | paskaykichikninnaq | paskaykichikkunannaq |
| comparative | paskaykichikhina | paskaykichikkunahina |
| causative | paskaykichikrayku | paskaykichikkunarayku |
| benefactive | paskaykichikpaq | paskaykichikkunapaq |
| associative | paskaykichikpura | paskaykichikkunapura |
| distributive | paskaykichikninka | paskaykichikkunanka |
| exclusive | paskaykichiklla | paskaykichikkunalla |
paykunap - third-person plural
| paykunap (their) | singular | plural |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | paskanku | paskankukuna |
| accusative | paskankuta | paskankukunata |
| dative | paskankuman | paskankukunaman |
| genitive | paskankupa | paskankukunap |
| locative | paskankupi | paskankukunapi |
| terminative | paskankukama | paskankukunakama |
| ablative | paskankumanta | paskankukunamanta |
| instrumental | paskankuwan | paskankukunawan |
| comitative | paskankuntin | paskankukunantin |
| abessive | paskankunnaq | paskankukunannaq |
| comparative | paskankuhina | paskankukunahina |
| causative | paskankurayku | paskankukunarayku |
| benefactive | paskankupaq | paskankukunapaq |
| associative | paskankupura | paskankukunapura |
| distributive | paskankunka | paskankukunanka |
| exclusive | paskankulla | paskankukunalla |
See also
Turkish
Alternative forms
Etymology
Borrowed from Laz ფაცხა (paʒxa). In some dialects, from Georgian ფაცხა (pacxa).
Noun
paska
- (Rize, Artvin, Hemşin, Sinop, Samsun, Ordu, Giresun) a kind of hut
- Hypernym: kulübe
- (Artvin) a ruined old building
- (Rize, Artvin, Hemşin) a large basket
- Hypernym: sepet
References
More information
- “paska (I)”, in Türkiye'de halk ağzından derleme sözlüğü (in Turkish), volume 9, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1977, page 3404b
- “paska (II)”, in Türkiye'de halk ağzından derleme sözlüğü (in Turkish), volume 9, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1977, page 3404b
- “paçğa”, in Türkiye'de halk ağzından derleme sözlüğü (in Turkish), volume 12, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, 1982, page 4632b
- Aleksiva, Irfan Çağatay (2018) “Derleme Sözlüğü'nde Lazca Unsurlar”, in Türk Dili Araştırmaları Yıllığı - Belleten (in Turkish), volume 66, number 1, Ankara: Türk Dil Kurumu, pages 126–127
- Artvinli, Taner (2022) “pasxa”, in Artvin Etimoloji Sözlüğü (in Turkish), Istanbul: Telemak Kitap, →ISBN, page 413ab
- Bläsing, Uwe (2006) “Türkiye Türkçesinin söz varlığından bir örnek: Kafkas dillerinden ödünç bazı sözcükler”, in Türk Dilleri Araştırmaları (in Turkish), number 16, pages 148–149
- Chirikba, Viacheslav V. (2006) “Abkhaz Loans in Megrelian”, in Iran and the Caucasus, volume 10, number 1, pages 46–47
- Ertürk, Harun (2015) “pasḫa”, in Artvin ili Yusufeli ilçesi Demirkent (Erkinis) köyü ağzı (in Turkish), Master's thesis, Muğla: Muğla Sıtkı Koçman Üniversitesi Sosyal Bilimler Enstitüsü, page 216b
- Şenol, Sevgi (2015) “pasḫa”, in Ardanuç Ağzı: Inceleme, Derlemeler, Sözlük (in Turkish), 2nd edition, Bursa: Rota Barışçı, →ISBN, page 501a
- Uzunhasanoğlu, Hasan (2018) “paḉxa”, in Irfan Çağatay Aleksiva, editor, Titer: Hemşin Türkçesi Sözlüğü (in Turkish), Istanbul: Lazi Kültür, page 172