patiess

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Latvian

Etymology

The adjective patiess is a back-formation based on the adverb patiesi, itself originally a postpositional phrase, pa tiesi “by truth” (cf. tiesa). It is also possible that it comes from the prefix pa- +‎ an archaic adjective tiess, a parallel form of tiešs (q.v.). More probably, both paths influenced each other.[1]

Pronunciation

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Adjective

patiess (definite patiesais, comparative patiesāks, superlative vispatiesākais, adverb patiesi, patiešām)

  1. true, sincere, authentic (one who expresses one's real feelings, thoughts; used for expressing one's real feelings)
    patiess, vienkāršs puisisa sincere, simple guy
    cilvēkam visur un vienmēr jābūt patiesam, jābūt tādam, kāds viņš ir, jāsaka tas, ko viņš domāa man must always and everywhere be true, just as he is, he must say what he thinks
    Grundonis bija ieraudzījis savu paziņu... puisi ar patiesām acīm, kuras visos raudzījās tieši, neslēpdamās un nemaskēdamāsGrundonis had seen his friend... a guy with true, sincere eyes, who saw truly in everything, not deceiving, not masking anything
  2. true, right, correct (such that it reflects reality)
    patiess spriedumsright judgment
    patiesa domaright, correct thought
    patiess stāststrue story
    patiesas ziņastrue news
    patiesa liecībatrue, correct testimony
    ar izteikumu jāsaprot jebkurš apgalvojums (spriedums, teikums, ziņojums), kas var būt patiess vai aplamsunder declaration we understand any statement (judgement, sentence, announcement) that may be true or false
  3. true, real, genuine (such that it exists in reality)
    patiess dzīves notikumsa true, real life event
    patiesi faktitrue, real facts
    atklāt savu patieso sejuto reveal one's true face (= nature)
    slimnīcā viņu bez apstājas bija vajājuši visi iespējamie trokšņi, patiesi un iedomātiin hospital he was ceaselessly persecuted by all possible noises, (both) real and imaginary
  4. (with definite endings) true, actual, genuine (not apparent or superficial)
    patiesais attālumsthe true, actual distance
    patiesais apvārsnisthe true, actual horizon
    slēpt patieso stāvoklito hide the true condition, situation
    noskaidrot kāda patieso nolūkuto find out someone's true intentions
    pēc klīniskās jeb relatīvās nāves iestājas bioloģiskā jeb patiesa nāve, kad atdzīvināšana vairs nav iespējamaafter clinical or relative death there comes the biological or true, actual death, when resuscitation is no longer possible
  5. true, real, genuine (such that it corresponds to certain ideals or requirements)
    patiesa jaunrādetrue, genuine creativity
    patiesas jūtastrue, genuine feelings
    patiess satraukumstrue, genuine excitement
    patiesa draudzībatrue, genuine friendship
    klausīties ar patiesu interesito listen with genuine interest
    patiesu draugu meklē un skaties pelēkās, grūtās, vientuļās dienāsone looks for a true friend in the gray, difficult, lonely days
    patiesu tiesu cilvēks var nest par sevi, bet tomēr tā neviens nedaraone can do true justice to oneself; however, no one does that

Declension

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References

  1. ^ Karulis, Konstantīns (1992) “tiesa, tiešs”, in Latviešu Etimoloģijas Vārdnīca (in Latvian), Rīga: AVOTS, →ISBN