Apparently denominative from Proto-Indo-European *ph₁-tós, participle of *peh₁- (“to hurt”), though this morphology would be highly irregular. Cognate with paene, paeniteō, pēnūria, Ancient Greek πῆμα (pêma), πηρός (pērós), Old English feond (“devil, enemy”) (English fiend), Gothic 𐍆𐌰𐌹𐌰𐌽 (faian, “to blame”), Proto-Slavic *patiti (“to suffer, to fare misfortune”).
An alternative theory derives the word from Proto-Indo-European *pet- (“to fly, fall”), with semantic shift "to befall" > "to experience" > "to suffer".
patior (present infinitive patī, perfect active passus sum); third conjugation iō-variant, deponent
Conjugation of patior (third conjugation iō-variant, deponent) | |||||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
indicative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | patior | pateris, patere |
patitur | patimur | patiminī | patiuntur |
imperfect | patiēbar | patiēbāris, patiēbāre |
patiēbātur | patiēbāmur | patiēbāminī | patiēbantur | |
future | patiar | patiēris, patiēre |
patiētur | patiēmur | patiēminī | patientur | |
perfect | passus + present active indicative of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | passus + imperfect active indicative of sum | ||||||
future perfect | passus + future active indicative of sum | ||||||
subjunctive | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | patiar | patiāris, patiāre |
patiātur | patiāmur | patiāminī | patiantur |
imperfect | paterer | paterēris, paterēre |
paterētur | paterēmur | paterēminī | paterentur | |
perfect | passus + present active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
pluperfect | passus + imperfect active subjunctive of sum | ||||||
imperative | singular | plural | |||||
first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
active | present | — | patere | — | — | patiminī | — |
future | — | patitor | patitor | — | — | patiuntor | |
non-finite forms | active | passive | |||||
present | perfect | future | present | perfect | future | ||
infinitives | patī | passum esse | passūrum esse | — | — | — | |
participles | patiēns | passus | passūrus | — | — | patiendus, patiundus | |
verbal nouns | gerund | supine | |||||
genitive | dative | accusative | ablative | accusative | ablative | ||
patiendī | patiendō | patiendum | patiendō | passum | passū |
Reflexes of an assumed variant *patīre: