penalty
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See also: pénalty
English
Alternative forms
Etymology
From Middle French pénalité, from pénal, from Latin poenālis, from poena, borrowing of Ancient Greek ποινή (poinḗ), from Proto-Hellenic *kʷoinā́, from Proto-Indo-European *kʷoynéh₂, comprising *kʷey- + *-néh₂.
Pronunciation
- IPA(key): /ˈpɛnəlti/
- (India, spelling pronunciation) IPA(key): /peˈnælti/
Audio (Southern England): (file) - Hyphenation: pen‧al‧ty
Noun
penalty (plural penalties)
- A legal sentence.
- The penalty for his crime was to do hard labor.
- A punishment for violating rules of procedure.
- 1900, Charles W Chesnutt, chapter I, in The House Behind the Cedars, Boston, Mass.; New York, N.Y.: Houghton, Mifflin and Company , →OCLC:
- Was it so irreconcilable, Warwick wondered, as still to peal out the curfew bell, which at nine o'clock at night had clamorously warned all negroes, slave or free, that it was unlawful for them to be abroad after that hour, under penalty of imprisonment or whipping?
- (finance) A payment forfeited for an early withdrawal from an account or an investment.
- In sports
- (soccer) A direct free kick from the penalty spot, taken after a defensive foul in the penalty box; a penalty kick.
- (ice hockey) A punishment for an infraction of the rules, often in the form of being removed from play for a specified amount of time.
- A penalty was called when he tripped up his opponent.
- A disadvantageous consequence of a previous event.
- 1834, L E L, chapter XV, in Francesca Carrara. , volume III, London: Richard Bentley, , (successor to Henry Colburn), →OCLC, page 126:
- "But you, my noble, my generous girl!" exclaimed Lord Avonleigh, "I dare not let you pay the penalty of my former folly."
Synonyms
Derived terms
- death penalty
- drive-through penalty
- face mask penalty
- fixed penalty notice
- loyalty penalty
- minor penalty
- pay the penalty
- penalty arc
- penalty area
- penalty box
- penalty card
- penalty copy
- penalty corner
- penalty envelope
- penalty function
- penalty goal
- penalty kick
- penalty kill
- penalty mark
- penalty phase
- penalty point
- penalty rate
- penalty shoot-out
- penalty shootout
- penalty shot
- penalty spot
- penalty throw
- penalty try
- penalty turn
- penalty unit
- point penalty
- prepayment penalty
- stop-and-go penalty
Related terms
Descendants
Translations
legal sentence
|
punishment for violating rules of procedure
|
penalty kick — see penalty kick
punishment in ice hockey
See also
Anagrams
Dutch
Etymology
Borrowed from English penalty.
Pronunciation
Audio: (file) - Hyphenation: pe‧nal‧ty
Noun
penalty m (plural penalty's, diminutive penalty'tje n)
- (soccer) penalty kick
- Synonym: strafschop
French
Alternative forms
Etymology
Borrowed from English penalty, itself a borrowing from French pénalité (thus a reborrowing). Doublet of pénalité.
Pronunciation
Noun
penalty m (plural penaltys or penalties)
Further reading
- “penalty”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé , 2012.
Romanian
Alternative forms
Etymology
Unadapted borrowing from French penalty or English penalty.
Noun
penalty n (plural penalty-uri)
Declension
| singular | plural | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| indefinite | definite | indefinite | definite | ||
| nominative-accusative | penalty | penalty-ul | penalty-uri | penalty-urile | |
| genitive-dative | penalty | penalty-ului | penalty-uri | penalty-urilor | |
| vocative | penalty-ule | penalty-urilor | |||