penderfynu

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Welsh

Etymology

pen (“head”) +‎ terfynu (“to terminate, to conclude”)[1]

Pronunciation

Verb

penderfynu (first-person singular present penderfynaf)

  1. to decide, to resolve
    Penderfynodd hi beidio yn y pen draw.
    She decided not to in the end.

Conjugation

Conjugation (literary)
singular plural impersonal
first second third first second third
present indicative/future penderfynaf penderfyni penderfyn, penderfyna penderfynwn penderfynwch penderfynant penderfynir
imperfect (indicative/subjunctive)/
conditional 		penderfynwn penderfynit penderfynai penderfynem penderfynech penderfynent penderfynid
preterite penderfynais penderfynaist penderfynodd penderfynasom penderfynasoch penderfynasant penderfynwyd
pluperfect penderfynaswn penderfynasit penderfynasai penderfynasem penderfynasech penderfynasent penderfynasid, penderfynesid
present subjunctive penderfynwyf penderfynych penderfyno penderfynom penderfynoch penderfynont penderfyner
imperative — penderfyn, penderfyna penderfyned penderfynwn penderfynwch penderfynent penderfyner
verbal noun penderfynu
verbal adjectives penderfynedig
penderfynadwy
Conjugation (colloquial)
Inflected colloquial forms singular plural
first second third first second third
future penderfyna i, penderfynaf i penderfyni di penderfynith o/e/hi, penderfyniff e/hi penderfynwn ni penderfynwch chi penderfynan nhw
conditional penderfynwn i, penderfynswn i penderfynet ti, penderfynset ti penderfynai fo/fe/hi, penderfynsai fo/fe/hi penderfynen ni, penderfynsen ni penderfynech chi, penderfynsech chi penderfynen nhw, penderfynsen nhw
preterite penderfynais i, penderfynes i penderfynaist ti, penderfynest ti penderfynodd o/e/hi penderfynon ni penderfynoch chi penderfynon nhw
imperative — penderfyna — — penderfynwch —
Note: All other forms are periphrastic, as usual in colloquial Welsh.

Derived terms

Mutation

Welsh mutation
radical soft nasal aspirate
penderfynu benderfynu mhenderfynu phenderfynu
Note: Some of these forms may be hypothetical. Not every possible mutated form of every word actually occurs.

References

  1. ^ R. J. Thomas, G. A. Bevan, P. J. Donovan, A. Hawke et al., editors (1950–present), “penderfynu”, in Geiriadur Prifysgol Cymru Online (in Welsh), University of Wales Centre for Advanced Welsh & Celtic Studies
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