pener

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Middle English

Noun

pener

  1. Alternative form of penner

Old French

Alternative forms

Etymology

peine +‎ -er

Verb

pener

  1. to torture; to torment
  2. (reflexive, se pener) to make an effort; to try

Conjugation

This verb conjugates as a first-group verb ending in -er. This verb has a stressed present stem pein distinct from the unstressed stem pen. Old French conjugation varies significantly by date and by region. The following conjugation should be treated as a guide.

    Conjugation of pener (see also Appendix:Old French verbs)
simple compound
infinitive pener avoir pené
gerund en penant gerund of avoir + past participle
present participle penant
past participle pené
person singular plural
first second third first second third
indicative jo tu il nos vos il
simple
tenses 		present pein peines peine penons penez peinent
imperfect penoie, peneie, penoe, peneve penoies, peneies, penoes, peneves penoit, peneit, penot, peneve peniiens, peniens peniiez, peniez penoient, peneient, penoent, penevent
preterite penai penas pena penames penastes penerent
future penerai peneras penera penerons peneroiz, penereiz, penerez peneront
conditional peneroie, penereie peneroies, penereies peneroit, penereit peneriiens, peneriens peneriiez, peneriez peneroient, penereient
compound
tenses 		present perfect present tense of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect tense of avoir + past participle
past anterior preterite tense of avoir + past participle
future perfect future tense of avoir + past participle
conditional perfect conditional tense of avoir + past participle
subjunctive que jo que tu qu’il que nos que vos qu’il
simple
tenses 		present pein peins peint penons penez peinent
imperfect penasse penasses penast penissons, penissiens penissoiz, penissez, penissiez penassent
compound
tenses 		past present subjunctive of avoir + past participle
pluperfect imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle
imperative – tu – nos vos –
— peine — penons penez —

Synonyms

Descendants

  • English: pain
  • French: peiner

Polish

Etymology

Borrowed from German Penner.

Pronunciation

Noun

pener m pers (female equivalent penera)

  1. (Poznań, derogatory) bum
    Synonyms: kloszard, lump, menel, żul

Declension

Declension of pener
singular plural
nominative pener penerzy/penery
genitive penera penerów
dative penerowi penerom
accusative penera penerów
instrumental penerem penerami
locative penerze penerach
vocative penerze penerzy/penery

Derived terms

adjective
verb

Further reading

  • pener in Polish dictionaries at PWN
Wikious
Boobota
Sagapedia