penjar
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Lengadocian (Central Occitan)
Auvernhàs
Gascon
Lemosin
Provençau
Catalan
Etymology
Inherited from Old Catalan penjar, from Vulgar Latin *pendicāre, a frequentative of Latin pendere. Same as Occitan penjar and Aragonese penchar
Pronunciation
Verb
penjar (first-person singular present penjo, first-person singular preterite pengí, past participle penjat); root stress: (Central, Valencia, Balearic) /e/
Conjugation
Conjugation of penjar (first conjugation, j-g alternation)
| infinitive | penjar | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| gerund | penjant | ||||||
| past participle | masculine | feminine | |||||
| singular | penjat | penjada | |||||
| plural | penjats | penjades | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | penjo | penges | penja | pengem | pengeu | pengen | |
| imperfect | penjava | penjaves | penjava | penjàvem | penjàveu | penjaven | |
| future | penjaré | penjaràs | penjarà | penjarem | penjareu | penjaran | |
| preterite | pengí | penjares | penjà | penjàrem | penjàreu | penjaren | |
| conditional | penjaria | penjaries | penjaria | penjaríem | penjaríeu | penjarien | |
| subjunctive | jo | tu | ell/ella vostè |
nosaltres nós |
vosaltres vós |
ells/elles vostès | |
| present | pengi | pengis | pengi | pengem | pengeu | pengin | |
| imperfect | pengés | pengessis | pengés | pengéssim | pengéssiu | pengessin | |
| imperative | — | tu | vostè | nosaltres | vosaltres vós |
vostès | |
| affirmative | — | penja | pengi | pengem | pengeu | pengin | |
| negative (no) | — | no pengis | no pengi | no pengem | no pengeu | no pengin | |
Related terms
References
- “penjar” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
- “penjar”, in Gran Diccionari de la Llengua Catalana, Grup Enciclopèdia Catalana, 2024
- “penjar” in Diccionari normatiu valencià, Acadèmia Valenciana de la Llengua.
- “penjar” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.
Occitan
Etymology
From Old Occitan, from Vulgar Latin *pendicāre, from Latin pendēre (“hang”). Same as Catalan penjar and Aragonese penchar
Pronunciation
Verb
penjar
- to hang
Conjugation
Lengadocian (Central Occitan)| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | penjar | aver penjat | |||||
| gerund | penjant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | penjat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | pengi | penjas | penja | penjam | penjatz | penjan | |
| imperfect | penjavi | penjavas | penjava | penjàvem | penjàvetz | penjavan | |
| preterite | pengèri | pengères | pengèt | pengèrem | pengèretz | pengèron | |
| future | penjarai | penjaràs | penjarà | penjarem | penjaretz | penjaràn | |
| conditional | penjariái | penjariás | penjariá | penjariam | penjariatz | penjarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | pengèra | pengèras | pengèra | pengeram | pengeratz | pengèran | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | penge | penges | penge | pengem | pengetz | pengen | |
| imperfect | pengèssi | pengèsses | pengèsse | pengèssem | pengèssetz | pengèsson | |
| compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| penja | pengem | penjatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Auvernhàs| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | penjar | aver penjat | |||||
| gerund | penjant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | penjat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | penge | penges | penja | penjam | penjatz | penjon | |
| imperfect | penjave | penjaves | penjava | penjaviam | penjaviatz | penjavon | |
| preterite | pengere | pengeres | penget | pengem | pengetz | pengeron | |
| future | penjarai | penjaràs | penjará | penjarem | penjaretz | penjarán | |
| conditional | penjariá | penjariás | penjariá | penjariam | penjariatz | penjarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | pengèra | pengèras | pengèra | pengeram | pengeratz | pengèran | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | penge | penges | penge | penjassiam | penjassiatz | penjon | |
| imperfect | pengesse | pengesses | pengesse | pengessiam | pengessiatz | pengesson | |
| compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| penja | penjassiam | penjatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Gascon| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | penjar | aver penjat | |||||
| gerund | penjant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | penjat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | pengi | penjas | penja | penjam | penjatz | penjan | |
| imperfect | penjavi | penjavas | penjava | penjàvam | penjàvatz | penjavan | |
| preterite | pengèi | pengès | pengè | pengèm | pengètz | pengèn | |
| future | penjarèi | penjaràs | penjarà | penjaram | penjaratz | penjaràn | |
| conditional | penjarí | penjarés | penjaré | penjarem | penjaretz | penjarén | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | pengèra | pengèras | pengèra | pengeram | pengeratz | pengèran | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | pengi | penges | penge | pengem | pengetz | pengen | |
| imperfect | pengèssi | pengèsses | pengèsse | pengèssem | pengèssetz | pengèssen | |
| compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| penja | pengem | penjatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Lemosin| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | penjar | aver penjat | |||||
| gerund | penjant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | penjat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | penge | penjas | penja | penjam | penjatz | penjan | |
| imperfect | penjava | penjavas | penjava | penjàvam | penjàvatz | penjavan | |
| preterite | pengei | pengeras | penget | pengèram | pengèratz | pengeran | |
| future | penjarai | penjaràs | penjará | penjarem | penjaretz | penjarán | |
| conditional | penjariá | penjariàs | penjariá | penjariam | penjariatz | penjarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | pengèra | pengèras | pengèra | pengeram | pengeratz | pengèran | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | penge | penges | penge | pengem | pengetz | pengen | |
| imperfect | pengèsse | pengèsses | pengèsse | pengèssem | pengèssetz | pengèssen | |
| compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| penja | pengem | penjatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||
Provençau| simple | compound | ||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| infinitive | penjar | aver penjat | |||||
| gerund | penjant | use gerund of aver + past participle | |||||
| past participle | penjat | — | |||||
| person | singular | plural | |||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | ieu | tu | el | nosautres | vosautres | eles | |
| present | penge | penges | penja | penjam | penjatz | penjan | |
| imperfect | penjavi | penjavas | penjava | penjàvem | penjàvetz | penjavan | |
| preterite | pengère | pengères | pengèt | pengeriam | pengeriatz | pengèron | |
| future | penjarai | penjaràs | penjarà | penjarem | penjaretz | penjaràn | |
| conditional | penjariáu | penjariás | penjariá | penjariam | penjariatz | penjarián | |
| conditional 2nd form1 | pengèra | pengèras | pengèra | pengeram | pengeratz | pengèran | |
| compound tenses |
present perfect | use the present tense of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior | use the preterite tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | use the future tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | use the conditional tense of aver + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que ieu | que tu | que el | que nosautres | que vosautres | que eles | |
| present | penge | penges | penge | pengem | pengetz | penjan | |
| imperfect | pengèsse | pengèsses | pengèsse | pengessiam | pengessiatz | pengèsson | |
| compound tenses |
past | use the present subjunctive of aver + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | use the imperfect subjunctive of aver + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | — | tu | — | nosautres | vosautres | — | |
| penja | pengem | penjatz | 1Now chiefly obsolete, still in use in some Limousin and Vivaro-Alpin dialects | ||||