penus

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See also: penuș and pênûs

Esperanto

Verb

penus

  1. conditional of peni

Latin

Alternative forms

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *penos, from Proto-Indo-European *pén-os (“food”), from *pen-. Compare penes, Lithuanian penė́ti (“to feed”).[1]

Pronunciation

Noun

penus m or f (variously declined, genitive penī or penūs); second declension, fourth declension
penus n (genitive penoris); third declension

  1. Provisions, food
  2. The innermost part of a temple of Vesta, the sanctuary

Declension

Second-declension noun or fourth-declension noun.
Case Singular Plural
Nominative penus penī
penūs
Genitive penī
penūs 		penōrum
penuum
Dative penō
penuī 		penīs
penibus
Accusative penum penōs
penūs
Ablative penō
penū 		penīs
penibus
Vocative pene
penus 		penī
penūs
Third-declension noun (neuter, imparisyllabic non-i-stem).
Case Singular Plural
Nominative penus penora
Genitive penoris penorum
Dative penorī penoribus
Accusative penus penora
Ablative penore penoribus
Vocative penus penora

Derived terms

References

  1. ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “penus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, pages 458-459

Further reading

  • “penus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “penus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • penus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • penus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.

Old French

Etymology

peine +‎ -us

Adjective

penus m (oblique and nominative feminine singular penuse)

  1. painful
    • c. 1150, Unknown author, La Chanson de Roland:
      « Deus, » dist li reis, « si penuse est ma vie ! »
      "God!" said the king, "so painful is my life!"

Volapük

Noun

penus

  1. predicative plural of pen
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