penya

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Catalan

Etymology

Inherited from Latin pinna.

Pronunciation

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Noun

penya f (plural penyes)

  1. rock, outcrop
    Synonym: (archaic) quer
  2. (figurative, colloquial) circle (group of regulars)
    • 2013, Albert Balcells, Jaume Massó i Torrents i la modernitat, Institut d'Estudis Catalans, →ISBN, page 181:
      El director d'aleshores era En Sánchez Ortiz, un andalús simpatic i atractiu, que cercava en la penya els més excel·lents col·laboradors: […]
      (please add an English translation of this quotation)

Derived terms

Further reading

Swahili

Pronunciation

  • Audio (Kenya)(file)

Verb

-penya (infinitive kupenya)

  1. to penetrate, to pierce

Conjugation

Conjugation of -penya
Positive present -napenya
Subjunctive -penye
Negative -penyi
Imperative singular penya
Infinitives
Positive kupenya
Negative kutopenya
Imperatives
Singular penya
Plural penyeni
Tensed forms
Habitual hupenya
Positive past positive subject concord + -lipenya
Negative past negative subject concord + -kupenya
Positive present (positive subject concord + -napenya)
Singular Plural
1st person ninapenya/napenya tunapenya
2nd person unapenya mnapenya
3rd person m-wa(I/II) anapenya wanapenya
other classes positive subject concord + -napenya
Negative present (negative subject concord + -penyi)
Singular Plural
1st person sipenyi hatupenyi
2nd person hupenyi hampenyi
3rd person m-wa(I/II) hapenyi hawapenyi
other classes negative subject concord + -penyi
Positive future positive subject concord + -tapenya
Negative future negative subject concord + -tapenya
Positive subjunctive (positive subject concord + -penye)
Singular Plural
1st person nipenye tupenye
2nd person upenye mpenye
3rd person m-wa(I/II) apenye wapenye
other classes positive subject concord + -penye
Negative subjunctive positive subject concord + -sipenye
Positive present conditional positive subject concord + -ngepenya
Negative present conditional positive subject concord + -singepenya
Positive past conditional positive subject concord + -ngalipenya
Negative past conditional positive subject concord + -singalipenya
Gnomic (positive subject concord + -apenya)
Singular Plural
1st person napenya twapenya
2nd person wapenya mwapenya
3rd person m-wa(I/II) apenya wapenya
m-mi(III/IV) wapenya yapenya
ji-ma(V/VI) lapenya yapenya
ki-vi(VII/VIII) chapenya vyapenya
n(IX/X) yapenya zapenya
u(XI) wapenya see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) kwapenya
pa(XVI) papenya
mu(XVIII) mwapenya
Perfect positive subject concord + -mepenya
"Already" positive subject concord + -meshapenya
"Not yet" negative subject concord + -japenya
"If/When" positive subject concord + -kipenya
"If not" positive subject concord + -sipopenya
Consecutive kapenya / positive subject concord + -kapenya
Consecutive subjunctive positive subject concord + -kapenye
Object concord (indicative positive)
Singular Plural
1st person -nipenya -tupenya
2nd person -kupenya -wapenya/-kupenyeni/-wapenyeni
3rd person m-wa(I/II) -mpenya -wapenya
m-mi(III/IV) -upenya -ipenya
ji-ma(V/VI) -lipenya -yapenya
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -kipenya -vipenya
n(IX/X) -ipenya -zipenya
u(XI) -upenya see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kupenya
pa(XVI) -papenya
mu(XVIII) -mupenya
Reflexive -jipenya
Relative forms
General positive (positive subject concord + (object concord) + -penya- + relative marker)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -penyaye -penyao
m-mi(III/IV) -penyao -penyayo
ji-ma(V/VI) -penyalo -penyayo
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -penyacho -penyavyo
n(IX/X) -penyayo -penyazo
u(XI) -penyao see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -penyako
pa(XVI) -penyapo
mu(XVIII) -penyamo
Other forms (subject concord + tense marker + relative marker + (object concord) + -penya)
Singular Plural
m-wa(I/II) -yepenya -openya
m-mi(III/IV) -openya -yopenya
ji-ma(V/VI) -lopenya -yopenya
ki-vi(VII/VIII) -chopenya -vyopenya
n(IX/X) -yopenya -zopenya
u(XI) -openya see n(X) or ma(VI) class
ku(XV/XVII) -kopenya
pa(XVI) -popenya
mu(XVIII) -mopenya
Some forms not commonly seen in modern Standard Swahili are absent from the table. See Appendix:Swahili verbs for more information.

Venda

Verb

penya

  1. to flash
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