pereo

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Noun

pereo (accusative singular pereon, plural pereoj, accusative plural pereojn)

  1. demise, perdition
  2. accident
  3. shipwreck

Latin

Etymology

From per- (“through”) +‎ eō (“go”).

Pronunciation

Verb

pereō (present infinitive perīre, perfect active periī or perīvī, supine peritum); irregular conjugation, impersonal in the passive

  1. to perish, pass away, die, be ruined
    Synonyms: morior, dēcēdō, exspīrō, dēficiō, occidō, dēfungor, occumbō, excēdō, discēdō, intereō, cadō, obeō, perdor
    • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 5.267–268:
      ‘flōrē semel laesō pereunt viciaecque fabaeque,
      et pereunt lentēs, advena Nīle, tuae.’
      “Once the blossom has been damaged, the vetches and the beans perish, and your lentils perish, oh foreign Nile.”
      (The poetic voice is that of Flora (mythology).)
  2. to vanish, disappear, come to nothing
    Synonyms: cedō, discedō, decēdō, concēdō, excēdō, intereō
    Antonyms: crescō, exorior, orior, coorior, oborior, appāreō, pāreō, ēmergō, procedō
  3. to leak; to be absorbed
  4. to pine away with love

Usage notes

This verb served as the original passive of perdere ("to destroy," "to ruin," "to waste," "to lose").

Conjugation

Irregular, like eō (“go”), which it compounds. The perfect is usually contracted to periī, but occasionally appears as perīvī.

   Conjugation of pereō (irregular conjugation, impersonal in the passive)
indicative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present pereō perīs perit perīmus perītis pereunt
imperfect perībam perībās perībat perībāmus perībātis perībant
future perībō perībis perībit perībimus perībitis perībunt
perfect periī,
perīvī 		perīstī,
perīvistī 		periit,
perīvit 		periimus perīstis periērunt,
periēre
pluperfect perieram perierās perierat perierāmus perierātis perierant
future perfect perierō perieris perierit perierimus perieritis perierint
passive present — — perītur — — —
imperfect — — perībātur — — —
future — — perībitur — — —
perfect — — peritum est — — —
pluperfect — — peritum erat — — —
future perfect — — peritum erit — — —
subjunctive singular plural
first second third first second third
active present peream pereās pereat pereāmus pereātis pereant
imperfect perīrem perīrēs perīret perīrēmus perīrētis perīrent
perfect perierim perierīs perierit perierīmus perierītis perierint
pluperfect perīssem perīssēs perīsset perīssēmus perīssētis perīssent
passive present — — pereātur — — —
imperfect — — perīrētur — — —
perfect — — peritum sit — — —
pluperfect — — peritum esset — — —
imperative singular plural
first second third first second third
active present — perī — — perīte —
future — perītō perītō — perītōte pereuntō
passive future — — perītor — — —
non-finite forms infinitive participle
active passive active passive
present perīre perīrī periēns —
future peritūrum esse peritum īrī peritūrus pereundum
perfect perīsse peritum esse — peritum
future perfect — peritum fore — —
perfect potential peritūrum fuisse — — —
verbal nouns gerund supine
genitive dative accusative ablative accusative ablative
pereundī pereundō pereundum pereundō peritum peritū

Coordinate terms

Derived terms

Descendants

References

Further reading

  • “pereo”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • “pereo”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • pereo in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • Carl Meißner, Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book‎, London: Macmillan and Co.
    • to die of starvation: fame confici, perire, interire
    • to die a natural death: morbo perire, absūmi, consūmi
    • I'm undone! it's all up with me: perii! actum est de me! (Ter. Ad. 3. 2. 26)
    • the book has been lost: liber intercidit, periit
    • they perished to a man: ad unum omnes perierunt
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