permanent

English

Etymology

Used in English since 15th century, from Middle English permanent, permanente, from Middle French permanent, from Latin permanēns, from permaneō (“I stay through”).

Pronunciation

• (General American) IPA^(key): /ˈpɝmənənt/
• (Received Pronunciation) IPA^(key): /ˈpɜːmənənt/

• Audio (US)

  (file)

• Hyphenation: per‧ma‧nent

Adjective

permanent (comparative more permanent, superlative most permanent)

1. Without end, eternal.

   Nothing in this world is truly permanent.

2. Lasting for an indefinitely long time.

   The countries are now locked in a permanent state of conflict.

Synonyms

• (without end): everlasting, forever, neverending, unending; see also Thesaurus:eternal or Thesaurus:endless
• (lasting for an indefinitely long time): durable, intransient; see also Thesaurus:lasting

Antonyms

• impermanent, temporary

Derived terms

Related terms

• permafrost
• permatemp

Translations

Noun

English Wikipedia has an article on:

permanent

Wikipedia

permanent (plural permanents)

1. A chemical hair treatment imparting or removing curliness, whose effects typically last for a period of weeks; a perm.
   • 1943, Raymond Chandler, The High Window, Penguin, published 2005, page 8:

     She had pewter-coloured hair set in a ruthless permanent, a hard beak and large moist eyes with the sympathetic expression of wet stones.

2. (linear algebra, combinatorics) Given an ${\displaystyle n\times n}$ matrix ${\displaystyle a_{ij}\,}$, the sum over all permutations ${\displaystyle \pi \,}$ of ${\displaystyle \prod _{i=1}^{n}{a_{i\pi (i)}}}$.
3. (collectible card games) A card whose effects persist beyond the turn on which it is played.

Translations

See also

• determinant
• ephemeral
• relaxer
• temporary

Verb

permanent (third-person singular simple present permanents, present participle permanenting, simple past and past participle permanented)

1. (transitive, dated) To perm (the hair).

Further reading

• “permanent”, in Webster’s Revised Unabridged Dictionary, Springfield, Mass.: G. & C. Merriam, 1913, →OCLC.
• “permanent”, in The Century Dictionary , New York, N.Y.: The Century Co., 1911, →OCLC.
• “permanent”, in OneLook Dictionary Search.

Anagrams

• Petermann, merpentan

Catalan

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central)
• IPA^(key): (Balearic)
• IPA^(key): (Valencian)

Adjective

permanent m or f (masculine and feminine plural permanents)

1. permanent

Related terms

• permanència
• permanentment

Further reading

• “permanent” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.

Dutch

Etymology

Borrowed from French permanent, from Latin permanēns. The noun is a shortening of permanent hairwave, which was borrowed from English permanent hairwave, and may have been influenced by or borrowed from American English permanent.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˌpɛr.maːˈnɛnt/

• Audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: per‧ma‧nent
• Rhymes: -ɛnt

Adjective

permanent (not comparable)

1. permanent

   Antonym: tijdelijk

Inflection

Derived terms

• permanentie

Descendants

• → Indonesian: permanen, pêrmanèn

Noun

permanent m (plural permanenten, diminutive permanentje n)

1. (chiefly diminutive) perm, permanent, permanent wave
   • 1932 February 6, "Nieuwe kapperszaak", Het Vaderland, vol. 63, evening edition, part 1, page 2.

     In elk kamertje is een keurige kaptafel met de bijbehoorende ingrediënten, knusse hoekjes, echt uitnoodigend tot een genoegelijk permanentje of watergolfje.

     In each cubicle there is a proper hairdressing table with the concomitant ingredients, cozy corners, really inviting for a perm or a setting hairstyle.

   • 1937, H. Kuyper-van Oordt, "Jonker Costijn", in Het heerlijk ambacht, G. F. Callenbach (publ., 6th. print), page 121.

     Wat een lichte jurken, en lichte zomermantels, en permanentjes en nette beenen.

     Such light dresses, and light summer coats, and perms and tidy legs.

Derived terms

• permanenten

French

Etymology

From Middle French permanant, permanent, from Latin permanentem (accusative of permanēns).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɛʁ.ma.nɑ̃/

• audio

  (file)

Adjective

permanent (feminine permanente, masculine plural permanents, feminine plural permanentes)

1. permanent

Derived terms

• ordre permanent

Noun

permanent m (plural permanents)

1. (mathematics) permanent

Related terms

• permanence
• impermanent

Further reading

• “permanent”, in Trésor de la langue française informatisé , 2012.

German

Etymology

Borrowed from French permanent.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɛʁmaˈnɛnt/

• Audio

  (file)

Adjective

permanent (strong nominative masculine singular permanenter, not comparable)

1. permanent

Declension

Adverb

permanent

1. permanently, incessantly

   Synonyms: ständig, unaufhörlich

Further reading

• “permanent” in Duden online
• “permanent” in Digitales Wörterbuch der deutschen Sprache

Ladin

Alternative forms

• permanënt

Adjective

permanent m (feminine singular permanenta, masculine plural permanents, feminine plural permanentes)

1. permanent

Latin

Verb

permanent

1. third-person plural present active indicative of permaneō

Middle French

Adjective

permanent m (feminine singular permanente, masculine plural permanents, feminine plural permanentes)

1. permanent

Norwegian Bokmål

Etymology

From Latin permanēns.

Adjective

permanent (neuter singular permanent, definite singular and plural permanente)

1. permanent
2. (as an adverb) permanently

References

• “permanent” in The Bokmål Dictionary.

Norwegian Nynorsk

Etymology

From Latin permanēns.

Adjective

permanent (neuter singular permanent, definite singular and plural permanente)

1. permanent

References

• “permanent” in The Nynorsk Dictionary.

Romanian

Etymology

Borrowed from French permanent.

Adjective

permanent m or n (feminine singular permanentă, masculine plural permanenți, feminine and neuter plural permanente)

1. permanent

Declension

Swedish

Pronunciation

• Audio

  (file)

Adjective

permanent (not comparable)

1. permanent

   Antonym: tillfällig

Declension

Noun

permanent c

1. a perm, a permanent (treatment to make hair curly)
2. permed hair

Declension

Related terms

• permanenta

References

• permanent in Svensk ordbok (SO)
• permanent in Svenska Akademiens ordlista (SAOL)
• permanent in Svenska Akademiens ordbok (SAOB)