pes

English

Etymology

From Latin pēs (“foot”). Doublet of foot, pie (“Spanish unit of length”), and pous.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /peɪ̯s/

• Audio (Southern England)

  (file)

• Rhymes: -eɪs
• Homophone: pace

Noun

pes (plural pedes)

1. the foot of a human
2. the hoof of a quadruped
3. clubfoot or talipes
4. (music) a neume representing two notes ascending

Synonyms

• (neume): podatus

Anagrams

• EPS, EPs, ESP, Eps, PSE, SEP, SPE, Sep, Sep., eps, esp, esp., sep

Catalan

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Catalan pes, from Latin pēnsum.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central)
• IPA^(key): (Balearic)
• IPA^(key): (Valencian)

• Audio

  (file)

Noun

pes m (plural pesos)

1. weight, the heaviness of something, as caused by the downward force of gravity of its mass.
2. weight, a piece of metal or other materials known to weigh a definite amount, as the ones used on scales or sports

Derived terms

Related terms

• pesar

References

• “pes” in Diccionari de la llengua catalana, segona edició, Institut d’Estudis Catalans.
• “pes” in Diccionari català-valencià-balear, Antoni Maria Alcover and Francesc de Borja Moll, 1962.

Etymology 2

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian)

Noun

pes

1. plural of pe (“the letter P”)

Etymology 3

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (Central, Balearic, Valencian)

Verb

pes

1. (Balearic, Alghero) first-person singular present indicative of pesar

Cornish

Alternative forms

• pys

Noun

pes f (singulative pesen)

1. (Revived Late Cornish) peas

Czech

Czech Wikipedia has an article on:

pes

Wikipedia ^cs

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):

• audio

  (file)

• Hyphenation: pes
• Rhymes: -ɛs

Etymology 1

Inherited from Old Czech pes, from Proto-Slavic *pьsъ.

Noun

pes m anim (feminine psice or fena, related adjective psí)

1. dog
2. male dog

   Coordinate term: fena f

3. scoundrel, bad person

Declension

Derived terms

Further reading

• pes in Příruční slovník jazyka českého, 1935–1957
• pes in Slovník spisovného jazyka českého, 1960–1971, 1989
• pes in Internetová jazyková příručka

Etymology 2

See the etymology of the corresponding lemma form.

Noun

pes

1. genitive plural of peso

Alternative forms

• pesos

Friulian

Alternative forms

• peš (alternative spelling)

Etymology

From Latin piscem.

Noun

pes m (plural pes)

1. fish

Related terms

• pescjâ
• pescjadôr
• pescjarie
• pescje
• pessâr

Indonesian

Indonesian Wikipedia has an article on:

pes

Wikipedia ^id

Etymology

From Dutch pest, from Middle French peste (whence French peste), ultimately from Latin pestis.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Hyphenation: pès

Noun

pes or pès

1. pest, plague.

   Synonym: sampar

Further reading

• “pes” in Kamus Besar Bahasa Indonesia, Jakarta: Agency for Language Development and Cultivation — Ministry of Education, Culture, Research, and Technology of the Republic Indonesia, 2016.

Latin

Latin Wikipedia has an article on:

pes

Wikipedia ^la

Etymology

From Proto-Italic *pets, from Proto-Indo-European *pṓds (compare Sanskrit पद् (pád), Ancient Greek πούς (poús) and Old English fōt, whence English foot).

Pronunciation

• (Classical) IPA^(key): /peːs/,
• (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA^(key): /pes/,

Noun

pēs m (genitive pedis); third declension

1. a foot, in its senses as
   1. (anatomy) a human foot

      … ne manus, nec pedes, nec alia membra …

      … not the hands, not the feet, and not the other limbs …

      • 8 CE, Ovid, Fasti 6.395–397:

        Forte revertēbar fēstīs Vestālibus illa .
        hūc pede mātrōnam vīdī dēscendere nūdō.

        It so happened that I was returning from the festival of Vesta . Here I saw a matron coming down barefoot.
        (Literally, in the ablative singular: “pede nūdō” or “with bare foot.” Roman matrons walked barefoot to honor Vesta (mythology) during the Vestalia.)

   2. (zoology) any equivalent body part of an animal, including hooves, paws, etc.
   3. (units of measure) any of various units of length notionally based on the adult human foot, especially (historical) the Roman foot.
   4. (poetry) a metrical foot: the basic unit of metered poetry
   • 8 CE – 12 CE, Ovid, Sorrows 1.15–16:

     vāde, liber, verbīsque meīs loca grāta salūtā:
     contingam certē quō licet illa pede!

     Go, book, and greet with my words beloved places: at least I shall reach with the ‘foot’ that is allowed!
     (The exiled poet puns that the metrical “feet” of his poem shall go where his own “feet” cannot.)

   1. (geography) the base of a mountain
   2. (furniture) the bottom of a leg of a table, chair, stool, etc.
2. (figuratively) a place to tread one's foot: territory, ground, soil
3. (nautical) a rope attached to a sail in order to set
4. (music) tempo, pace, time
5. (botany) the pedicel or stalk of a fruit

Declension

Third-declension noun.

Hyponyms

• (metrical foot): trochaeus; pes dissyllbus or disyllbus, pes bibrevis, choreus, jambus, spondeus, spondius, spondeos (2-syllable feet); pes trisyllabus, amphibrachus, amphibrachys, amphimacrus, dactylus, extensipes, molossus, pes anapaestus, pes antanapaestus, pes antibacchius, pes bacchius, pes creticus, pes hippius (3-syllable feet); pes tetrasyllbus, antispastus, chorjambus, dichoreus, dijambus, dispondeus, epitritus, paeon, proceleumaticus, proceleusmaticus (4-syllable feet); pes pentasyllbus, dochmius, mesobrachys, mesomacros, pariambodes, probrachys, pes amoebaeus, pes antamoebaeus, pes orthius (5-syllable feet)

Meronyms

• (unit of length): decempeda (10 pedes)

Derived terms

Related terms

Descendants

See also

• pede tellūrem pulsō
• pedem effero
• pedem fero
• pedem refero
• pedes navales
• si in fundo pedem posuisses
• a pedibus usque ad caput
• alterno pede terram quatere

References

• "pes", in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
• "pes", in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
• pes in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
• pes in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
• “pes”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
• “pes”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin

Lombard

Etymology

Akin to Italian peso, from Latin pensum.

Noun

pes

1. weight

Middle English

Noun

pes

1. Alternative form of pese

Old Czech

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pьsъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (13^th CE) /ˈpɛs/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /ˈpɛs/

Noun

pes m animal

1. (mammals) dog

Declension

Derived terms

Descendants

• Czech: pes

Further reading

• Jan Gebauer (1903–1916) “pes”, in Slovník staročeský (in Czech), Prague: Česká grafická společnost "unie", Česká akademie císaře Františka Josefa pro vědy, slovesnost a umění

Old French

Etymology

From Latin pax.

Noun

pes oblique singular, f (oblique plural pes, nominative singular pes, nominative plural pes)

1. Alternative form of pais (“peace”)
   • c. 1250, Marie de France, Guigemar:

     Va t'en de ci ! Lai me aveir pes.

     Go, leave me! Let me have peace.

Romani

Alternative forms

• pe

Etymology

Inherited from Sauraseni Prakrit (appa), (atta), from Sanskrit आत्मन् (ātman).

Pronoun

pes

1. himself, herself (third-person singular reflexive pronoun)

Descendants

• Kalo Finnish Romani: pes

See also

References

Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pьsъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɛs/

Noun

pes m (Cyrillic spelling пес)

1. (Kajkavian) dog

   Synonym: pas

Slovak

Etymology

Inherited from Proto-Slavic *pьsъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpɛs/

Noun

pes m anim (genitive singular psa, nominative plural psi, psy, genitive plural psov)

1. dog

Declension

Derived terms

• psí
• psíček
• psík
• psisko
• psíča

Further reading

• “pes”, in Slovníkový portál Jazykovedného ústavu Ľ. Štúra SAV [Dictionary portal of the Ľ. Štúr Institute of Linguistics, Slovak Academy of Science] (in Slovak), https://slovnik.juls.savba.sk, 2024

Slovene

Etymology

From Proto-Slavic *pьsъ.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pə́s/
• (central Slovenia) IPA^(key): /pɛ́s/

Noun

pə̏s m anim (female equivalent psíca)

1. dog

   Synonyms: kuža, bevskač, cucek, kuže, pesjak, pse, pseto, psina, renčač, kosmatinec

   Imamo tri pse. ― We have three dogs.

   Na sprehod grem s svojim psom. ― I'm going on a walk with my dog.

2. (zoology) any of the species in family Canidae
3. (zoology, in the plural) family Canidae
4. (zoology, uncountable) genus Canis
5. (figuratively, derogatory) a malicious person

   Synonyms: hudobnež, hudič, hudičevec, hudiman, hudimar, hudir, hudoba, hudobijan, hudobni, hudobnik, leviatan, mefisto, pasjeglavec, peklenšček, pesjan, pesjanar, peslajnar, pošast, pošastnik, psoglavec, satan, satanov služabnik, steklač, strupenec, strupenjak, škorpijon, vrag, zlobec, zlobnež, zlodej, zlodejevec, zlohotnež, zlomek, žlehtnoba

   Antonyms: dobričina, angel, dobrosrčnež, dobričnež, dobričnik, duša, dušica, mehkosrčnež, milosrčnež, svetnik

6. (theater) unimportant role

   Synonym: stranska vloga

   Antonym: glavna vloga

Declension

n=

• dialectal

n=

Derived terms

See also

• mačka (“cat”)
• ljubljenček (“pet”)
• volk (“wolf”)
• šakal (“jackal”)
• kojot (“coyote”)
• lisica (“fox”)
• lajati (“bark”)

Further reading

• “pes”, in Slovarji Inštituta za slovenski jezik Frana Ramovša ZRC SAZU, portal Fran
• “pes”, in Termania, Amebis
• See also the general references

Spanish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpes/
• Rhymes: -es
• Syllabification: pes
• Homophone: (Latin America) pez

Noun

pes f pl

1. plural of pe

Tok Pisin

Etymology

From English face.

Noun

pes

1. (anatomy) face
   • 1989, Buk Baibel long Tok Pisin, Port Moresby: Bible Society of Papua New Guinea, Jenesis 3:19:

     Na bai yu wok hat tru long kisim kaikai bilong yu na tuhat bai i kamap long pes bilong yu. Na bai yu hatwok oltaim inap yu dai na yu go bek long graun. Long wanem, mi bin wokim yu long graun, na bai yu go bek gen long graun.”

     →New International Version translation

2. page

Torres Strait Creole

Etymology 1

From English face.

Noun

pes

1. face

Etymology 2

Noun

pes

1. (eastern dialect) a ripe coconut

Usage notes

Pes is the fifth stage of coconut growth. It is preceded by kopespes and followed by u.

Turkish

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /ˈpes/
• Hyphenation: pes

Etymology 1

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish بس (bes, “Enough! Hold!”, interj.), from Persian بس (bas, “enough”).

Interjection

Pes!

1. Used when accepting defeat; "I yield!" or "Uncle!"
2. Used when at a loss for words at someone's extraordinary behavior or action; "I don't even know what to say!", "This is too much!" or "This takes the cake!"

   Yalanın bu kadarına da pes doğrusu! ― To be honest, I don't even know what to say about such a lie!

Derived terms

Etymology 2

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish پس (pes, “low and soft or bass voice or tone”), from Persian پست (past, “low, abject”).

Adjective

pes

1. (music) That which is sung softly and slowly; bass.

Alternative forms

• pest

Derived terms

Etymology 3

Inherited from Ottoman Turkish پس (pes, “the hinder part, back of a thing, pursuit after a thing”), from Persian پس (pas, “back, hind; then, so, therefore”).

Noun

pes (definite accusative pesi, plural pesler)

1. (obsolete) back, hind part

Adverb

pes

1. (obsolete) then, so, in that case

   Synonyms: öyleyse, o hâlde, binaenaleyh

2. (obsolete) then, after, afterwards

   Synonyms: sonra, müteakiben, nihayet

3. (obsolete) in summary, in short, in conclusion

   Synonyms: hasılı, hasılıkelam, velhasıl

4. (obsolete) when, whenever, as soon as

References

Further reading

• “pes”, in Turkish dictionaries, Türk Dil Kurumu
• Çağbayır, Yaşar (2007) “pes”, in Ötüken Türkçe Sözlük (in Turkish), Istanbul: Ötüken Neşriyat, page 3833