phần

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See also: Appendix:Variations of "phan"

Vietnamese

Etymology

Sino-Vietnamese word from 分 (“part; portion”), 份, from Middle Chinese 分 (bjunH), 份 (bjunH).

The huyền tone here is rather problematic. The regular tone derivation pattern, based on the original Middle Chinese tone and onset consonant would be as follows:

The huyền tone suggests an unattested Middle Chinese reading:

  • 分 (*bjun, “portion”, level tone, voiced obstruent onset) > Vietnamese phần

Alternatively, the huyền tone suggests non-Classical Chinese origin. Compare hè and hạ, mùi and vị, vì and vị.

Doublet of phân and phận. Cognate with Mandarin 分 (fèn) and Cantonese 分 (fan6). See also phần tử and phân tử, and Phần Lan.

Pronunciation

Noun

phần

  1. a part of something that may or may not be divided from a larger whole; a part, a portion, a ration, etc.
    phần lớn ― the majority
  2. (television) a season; a series
    Meronym: tập (“episode”)
  3. (film) a prequel or a sequel
  4. (arithmetic) a decimal place
    Coordinate term: hàng (“integer place”)
    phần chục ― the first decimal place; the tenths place
    phần trăm ― the second decimal place; the hundredths place
    phần nghìn ― the third decimal place; the thousandths place
  5. tenth part
    • 2005, chapter 21, in Cao Tự Thanh, transl., Anh hùng xạ điêu, Văn học, translation of 射雕英雄传 by Jīn Yōng (Kim Dung):
      – Cha ta tinh thông thuật âm dương ngũ hành, con gái ông tự nhiên cũng biết được ba phần, […]
      "My father is expert in yin-yang and five-element techniques; as his daughter naturally I know a little as well, "
      (literally, “I know three tenths as well”)

Related terms

Particle

phần

  1. (arithmetic) used in fractions, between the numerator and the denominator; per; -th
    một phần tư ― one fourth
    năm mươi phần trăm ― fifty percent

See also

Verb

phần

  1. (colloquial) Short for để phần (“to set a share aside”).
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