piger c
Believed to be derived from an adjective meaning "caught", from Late Latin *pedicus, from Latin pedica (“snare, shackle, fetter”), and therefore doublet of piéger.
piger
This is a regular -er verb, but the stem is written pige- before endings that begin with -a- or -o- (to indicate that the -g- is a "soft" /ʒ/ and not a "hard" /ɡ/). This spelling-change occurs in all verbs in -ger, such as neiger and manger.
| infinitive | simple | piger | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| compound | avoir + past participle | ||||||
| present participle or gerund1 | simple | pigeant /pi.ʒɑ̃/ | |||||
| compound | ayant + past participle | ||||||
| past participle | pigé /pi.ʒe/ | ||||||
| singular | plural | ||||||
| first | second | third | first | second | third | ||
| indicative | je (j’) | tu | il, elle, on | nous | vous | ils, elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | pige /piʒ/ |
piges /piʒ/ |
pige /piʒ/ |
pigeons /pi.ʒɔ̃/ |
pigez /pi.ʒe/ |
pigent /piʒ/ |
| imperfect | pigeais /pi.ʒɛ/ |
pigeais /pi.ʒɛ/ |
pigeait /pi.ʒɛ/ |
pigions /pi.ʒjɔ̃/ |
pigiez /pi.ʒje/ |
pigeaient /pi.ʒɛ/ | |
| past historic2 | pigeai /pi.ʒe/ |
pigeas /pi.ʒa/ |
pigea /pi.ʒa/ |
pigeâmes /pi.ʒam/ |
pigeâtes /pi.ʒat/ |
pigèrent /pi.ʒɛʁ/ | |
| future | pigerai /piʒ.ʁe/ |
pigeras /piʒ.ʁa/ |
pigera /piʒ.ʁa/ |
pigerons /piʒ.ʁɔ̃/ |
pigerez /piʒ.ʁe/ |
pigeront /piʒ.ʁɔ̃/ | |
| conditional | pigerais /piʒ.ʁɛ/ |
pigerais /piʒ.ʁɛ/ |
pigerait /piʒ.ʁɛ/ |
pigerions /pi.ʒə.ʁjɔ̃/ |
pigeriez /pi.ʒə.ʁje/ |
pigeraient /piʒ.ʁɛ/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
present perfect | present indicative of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect | imperfect indicative of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| past anterior2 | past historic of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| future perfect | future of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| conditional perfect | conditional of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| subjunctive | que je (j’) | que tu | qu’il, qu’elle | que nous | que vous | qu’ils, qu’elles | |
| (simple tenses) |
present | pige /piʒ/ |
piges /piʒ/ |
pige /piʒ/ |
pigions /pi.ʒjɔ̃/ |
pigiez /pi.ʒje/ |
pigent /piʒ/ |
| imperfect2 | pigeasse /pi.ʒas/ |
pigeasses /pi.ʒas/ |
pigeât /pi.ʒa/ |
pigeassions /pi.ʒa.sjɔ̃/ |
pigeassiez /pi.ʒa.sje/ |
pigeassent /pi.ʒas/ | |
| (compound tenses) |
past | present subjunctive of avoir + past participle | |||||
| pluperfect2 | imperfect subjunctive of avoir + past participle | ||||||
| imperative | – | – | – | ||||
| simple | — | pige /piʒ/ |
— | pigeons /pi.ʒɔ̃/ |
pigez /pi.ʒe/ |
— | |
| compound | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | simple imperative of avoir + past participle | — | |
| 1 The French gerund is usable only with the preposition en. | |||||||
2 In less formal writing or speech, these tenses may be found to have been replaced in the following way:
(Christopher Kendris , Master the Basics: French, pp. 77, 78, 79, 81). | |||||||
From pigeō (“to feel annoyance at, feel reluctance at”), perhaps from Proto-Indo-European *peyǵ- (“ill-meaning, evil-minded, treacherous, hostile, bad”). Related to Old English ġefic (“fraud, deceit, deception”), Old English fācen (“deceit, fraud, treachery, sin, evil, crime, blemish, fault”), Middle High German veichen (“dissembling, deceit, fraud”), though De Vaan is skeptical of the links to the Germanic terms.
piger (feminine pigra, neuter pigrum); first/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er)
First/second-declension adjective (nominative masculine singular in -er).
| Number | Singular | Plural | |||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Case / Gender | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | Masculine | Feminine | Neuter | |
| Nominative | piger | pigra | pigrum | pigrī | pigrae | pigra | |
| Genitive | pigrī | pigrae | pigrī | pigrōrum | pigrārum | pigrōrum | |
| Dative | pigrō | pigrō | pigrīs | ||||
| Accusative | pigrum | pigram | pigrum | pigrōs | pigrās | pigra | |
| Ablative | pigrō | pigrā | pigrō | pigrīs | |||
| Vocative | piger | pigra | pigrum | pigrī | pigrae | pigra | |