pilkku
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Finnish
Etymology
pilkka (“mark”) + -u; first adopted to mean "comma" by Finnish physician and translator Erik Alexander Ingman in 1844.
Pronunciation
Noun
pilkku
- comma (punctuation mark ,)
- (mathematics) dot (symbol , used for separating the fractional part of a decimal number from the whole part)
- spot, dot (small spot or mark)
- (slang) hashish (cannabis extract)
- (colloquial) last call
- (colloquial, soccer) penalty mark; thence: penalty kick, penalty shot
- (mathematics) prime (symbol ′, as in x′)
Usage notes
In English-speaking countries dot ( . ) is used to separate decimals from the whole part and comma (, ) to separate powers of three, whereas in Finland along with most of continental Europe, the comma is used as the decimal marker. Due to English influence, in speech the "decimal comma" is sometimes read as piste (“dot”).
Declension
| Inflection of pilkku (Kotus type 1*A/valo, kk-k gradation) | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|
| nominative | pilkku | pilkut | ||
| genitive | pilkun | pilkkujen | ||
| partitive | pilkkua | pilkkuja | ||
| illative | pilkkuun | pilkkuihin | ||
| singular | plural | |||
| nominative | pilkku | pilkut | ||
| accusative | nom. | pilkku | pilkut | |
| gen. | pilkun | |||
| genitive | pilkun | pilkkujen | ||
| partitive | pilkkua | pilkkuja | ||
| inessive | pilkussa | pilkuissa | ||
| elative | pilkusta | pilkuista | ||
| illative | pilkkuun | pilkkuihin | ||
| adessive | pilkulla | pilkuilla | ||
| ablative | pilkulta | pilkuilta | ||
| allative | pilkulle | pilkuille | ||
| essive | pilkkuna | pilkkuina | ||
| translative | pilkuksi | pilkuiksi | ||
| abessive | pilkutta | pilkuitta | ||
| instructive | — | pilkuin | ||
| comitative | See the possessive forms below. | |||
Synonyms
- (math symbol): desimaalipilkku
- (small spot): laikku, täplä, piste
- (hashish): hasis
- (last call): valomerkki
Derived terms
compounds
Related terms
Further reading
- “pilkku”, in Kielitoimiston sanakirja [Dictionary of Contemporary Finnish] (in Finnish) (online dictionary, continuously updated), Kotimaisten kielten keskuksen verkkojulkaisuja 35, Helsinki: Kotimaisten kielten tutkimuskeskus (Institute for the Languages of Finland), 2004–, retrieved 2023-07-03
Ingrian
Etymology
Cognates include Finnish pilkku and dialectal Estonian pilg.
Pronunciation
- (Ala-Laukaa) IPA(key): /ˈpilkːu/,
- (Soikkola) IPA(key): /ˈpilkːu/,
- Rhymes: -ilkːu
- Hyphenation: pilk‧ku
Noun
pilkku
Declension
| Declension of pilkku (type 4/koivu, kk-k gradation) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | pilkku | pilkut |
| genitive | pilkun | pilkkuin, pilkkuloin |
| partitive | pilkkua | pilkkuja, pilkkuloja |
| illative | pilkkuu | pilkkui, pilkkuloihe |
| inessive | pilkuus | pilkuis, pilkkulois |
| elative | pilkust | pilkuist, pilkkuloist |
| allative | pilkulle | pilkuille, pilkkuloille |
| adessive | pilkuul | pilkuil, pilkkuloil |
| ablative | pilkult | pilkuilt, pilkkuloilt |
| translative | pilkuks | pilkuiks, pilkkuloiks |
| essive | pilkkunna, pilkkuun | pilkkuinna, pilkkuloinna, pilkkuin, pilkkuloin |
| exessive1) | pilkkunt | pilkkuint, pilkkuloint |
| 1) obsolete *) the accusative corresponds with either the genitive (sg) or nominative (pl) **) the comitative is formed by adding the suffix -ka? or -kä? to the genitive. | ||
References
- Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 408