pilus
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See also: Piluś
English
Etymology
Borrowed from Latin pilus (“hair”). Doublet of pile.
Noun
pilus (plural pili)
- A hair.
- (microbiology) A hairlike appendage found on the cell surface of many bacteria.
- (biochemistry) A bacterial protein that has several biochemical functions.
Synonyms
- (hairlike appendage): fimbria
See also
Anagrams
Dutch
Noun
pilus m (plural pili)
- pilus (bacterial appendage)
Estonian
Noun
pilus
Latin
Etymology 1
Uncertain. Older sources reconstruct Proto-Indo-European *pilo- (“hair”), with Latin pilleus (“felt cap”), Ancient Greek πῖλος (pîlos, “wool or hair wrought into felt”), Proto-Slavic *pьlstь (“felt”) as cognates,[1][2] but this is no longer accepted.[3][4][5]
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈpi.lus/,
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpi.lus/,
Noun
pilus m (genitive pilī); second declension
- (anatomy) A hair.
- Synonym: capillus
- (figuratively) An insignificant amount; iota; least amount
Declension
Second-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | pilus | pilī |
| genitive | pilī | pilōrum |
| dative | pilō | pilīs |
| accusative | pilum | pilōs |
| ablative | pilō | pilīs |
| vocative | pile | pilī |
Derived terms
Descendants
- Balkan Romance:
- Dalmatian:
- Italo-Romance:
- Insular Romance:
- North Italian:
- Gallo-Romance:
- Occitano-Romance:
- Ibero-Romance:
- Borrowings:
References
- ^ Walde, Alois (1927) Julius Pokorny, editor, Vergleichendes Wörterbuch der indogermanischen Sprachen (in German), volume II, Berlin: de Gruyter, page 71
- ^ Pokorny, Julius (1959) Indogermanisches etymologisches Wörterbuch [Indo-European Etymological Dictionary] (in German), volume 3, Bern, München: Francke Verlag, page 830
- ^ Walde, Alois, Hofmann, Johann Baptist (1954) “pilus”, in Lateinisches etymologisches Wörterbuch (in German), 3rd edition, volume II, Heidelberg: Carl Winter, pages 304–305
- ^ Ernout, Alfred, Meillet, Antoine (1985) “pilus”, in Dictionnaire étymologique de la langue latine: histoire des mots (in French), 4th edition, with additions and corrections of Jacques André, Paris: Klincksieck, published 2001, page 507b
- ^ De Vaan, Michiel (2008) “pilus”, in Etymological Dictionary of Latin and the other Italic Languages (Leiden Indo-European Etymological Dictionary Series; 7), Leiden, Boston: Brill, →ISBN, page 465
Etymology 2
From pīlum (“javelin”).
Pronunciation
- (Classical Latin) IPA(key): /ˈpiː.lus/,
- (modern Italianate Ecclesiastical) IPA(key): /ˈpi.lus/,
Noun
pīlus m (genitive pīlī); second declension
Declension
Second-declension noun.
| singular | plural | |
|---|---|---|
| nominative | pīlus | pīlī |
| genitive | pīlī | pīlōrum |
| dative | pīlō | pīlīs |
| accusative | pīlum | pīlōs |
| ablative | pīlō | pīlīs |
| vocative | pīle | pīlī |
Synonyms
Derived terms
Further reading
- “pilus”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “pilus”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- pilus in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
- pilus in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.