First attested in 1876. pirkad (“ to break”, originally: “to become red”) + -at (noun-forming suffix), cognate to the stem of piros (“red”) and pirít (“to toast, roast, grill”), with -k (archaic instantaneous suffix).
pirkadat (plural pirkadatok)
| Adverbs of temporal nouns (see also: Appendix:Hungarian words of time) | |
|---|---|
| no suffix (the noun can act as an adverb) |
nappal (“daytime”), reggel (“early morning”), délelőtt (“late morning”), délután (“afternoon”), este (“evening”), éjjel / éjszaka (“night”), and vasárnap (“Sunday”) |
| -kor (“at”) | pirkadat / virradat (“dawn”), napkelte (“sunrise”), napnyugta (“sunset”), alkonyat (“dusk”), szürkület (“twilight”), éjfél (“midnight”), hours and minutes, and the names of holidays (húsvét (“Easter”) etc.) |
| -ban/-ben (“in”) | dél (“noon”), hajnal (“daybreak”), names of months (január–december) and hónap (“month”), évszak (“season”), év (“year”) and specific years, évtized (“decade”) and longer periods |
| -n/-on/-en/-ön (“on”) | days of the week (hétfő–szombat) except Sunday, days of the month (elseje (“1st”), másodika (“2nd”) etc.), nap (“day”), hét (“week”), nyár (“summer”), and tél (“winter”) |
| -val/-vel (“with”, assimilated: -szal/-szel) | tavasz (“spring”), ősz (“autumn, fall”) |
| Inflection (stem in -o-, back harmony) | ||
|---|---|---|
| singular | plural | |
| nominative | pirkadat | pirkadatok |
| accusative | pirkadatot | pirkadatokat |
| dative | pirkadatnak | pirkadatoknak |
| instrumental | pirkadattal | pirkadatokkal |
| causal-final | pirkadatért | pirkadatokért |
| translative | pirkadattá | pirkadatokká |
| terminative | pirkadatig | pirkadatokig |
| essive-formal | pirkadatként | pirkadatokként |
| essive-modal | — | — |
| inessive | pirkadatban | pirkadatokban |
| superessive | pirkadaton | pirkadatokon |
| adessive | pirkadatnál | pirkadatoknál |
| illative | pirkadatba | pirkadatokba |
| sublative | pirkadatra | pirkadatokra |
| allative | pirkadathoz | pirkadatokhoz |
| elative | pirkadatból | pirkadatokból |
| delative | pirkadatról | pirkadatokról |
| ablative | pirkadattól | pirkadatoktól |
| non-attributive possessive - singular |
pirkadaté | pirkadatoké |
| non-attributive possessive - plural |
pirkadatéi | pirkadatokéi |
| Possessive forms of pirkadat | ||
|---|---|---|
| possessor | single possession | multiple possessions |
| 1st person sing. | pirkadatom | pirkadataim |
| 2nd person sing. | pirkadatod | pirkadataid |
| 3rd person sing. | pirkadata | pirkadatai |
| 1st person plural | pirkadatunk | pirkadataink |
| 2nd person plural | pirkadatotok | pirkadataitok |
| 3rd person plural | pirkadatuk | pirkadataik |