podstawa

Masurian

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish podstawa. By surface analysis, deverbal from podstazicz.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key):
• Syllabification: pod‧sta‧wa

Noun

podstawa f

1. stool (in a reel: a board mounted directly on the legs)
2. (weaving) warp (threads stretched lengthwise in a loom)

Derived terms

Further reading

• Zofia Stamirowska (1987-2021) “podstawa”, in Anna Basara, editor, Słownik gwar Ostródzkiego, Warmii i Mazur‎, volume 6, Zakład Narodowy im. Ossolińskich Wydawnictwo Polskiej Akademii Nauk, →ISBN, page 171

Old Polish

Etymology

Deverbal from podstawić. First attested in the 14th century. Compare Old Czech podstava.

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): (10^th–15^th CE) /pɔdstava/
• IPA^(key): (15^th CE) /pɔdstava/

Noun

podstawa f

1. substance, essence (set of features, what is essential and unchangeable in a subject)
   • 1877-1881 [1437], Władysław Wisłocki, editor, Katalog rękopisów Biblioteki Uniwersytetu Jagiellońskiego, number 228, page 87:

     Podstawa intersticium

     [Podstawa intersticium]

Related terms

Descendants

• Masurian: podstawa
• Polish: podstawa
• Silesian: podstawa

References

• Bańkowski, Andrzej (2000) “podstawa”, in Etymologiczny słownik języka polskiego [Etymological Dictionary of the Polish Language] (in Polish)
• B. Sieradzka-Baziur, editor (2011–2015), “podstawa”, in Słownik pojęciowy języka staropolskiego [Conceptual Dictionary of Old Polish] (in Polish), Kraków: IJP PAN, →ISBN

Polish

Etymology

Inherited from Old Polish podstawa. By surface analysis, deverbal from podstawić. Compare Kashubian pòdstawa and Russian подста́ва (podstáva).

Pronunciation

• IPA^(key): /pɔtˈsta.va/
• (Middle Polish) IPA^(key): /pɔtˈsta.va/

• Audio

  (file)

• Rhymes: -ava
• Syllabification: pod‧sta‧wa

Noun

podstawa f (related adjective podstawowy)

1. base (that upon which something stands)
2. (anatomy) base (lower part of a set of bones that make up a specific part of the skeleton)

   Synonyms: baza, fundament, podbudowa

3. (geometry) base (lowest side of a triangle or other polygon)
4. (geometry) base (lowest face of a cone, pyramid or other polyhedron laid flat)
5. base (element without which something can't exist)
6. base (that which may be the beginning, cause or justification of something) ,
7. (econmic) base (specific amount that is the starting point for some financial calculations)
8. (in the plural) basics (elementary knowledge in something)

   Synonyms: abc, abecadło, alfabet, elementarz

9. (in the plural) basics (assumptions that give rise to some theory, science, concept)

   Synonym: podwaliny

10. (Middle Polish) base (that which one may place one's legs)

Declension

Derived terms

Related terms

Trivia

According to Słownik frekwencyjny polszczyzny współczesnej (1990), podstawa is one of the most used words in Polish, appearing 52 times in scientific texts, 19 times in news, 61 times in essays, 6 times in fiction, and 4 times in plays, each out of a corpus of 100,000 words, totaling 142 times, making it the 418th most common word in a corpus of 500,000 words.

References

Further reading

• podstawa in Wielki słownik języka polskiego, Instytut Języka Polskiego PAN
• podstawa in Polish dictionaries at PWN
• Maria Renata Mayenowa, Stanisław Rospond, Witold Taszycki, Stefan Hrabec, Władysław Kuraszkiewicz (2010-2023) “podstawa”, in Słownik Polszczyzny XVI Wieku [A Dictionary of 16th Century Polish]
• Paweł Kupiszewski (17.01.2019ṣ) “PODSTAWA”, in Elektroniczny Słownik Języka Polskiego XVII i XVIII Wieku [Electronic Dictionary of the Polish Language of the XVII and XVIII Century]
• Samuel Bogumił Linde (1807–1814) “podstawa”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎
• Aleksander Zdanowicz (1861) “podstawa”, in Słownik języka polskiego, Wilno 1861‎
• A. Kryński, W. Niedźwiedzki, editors (1908), “podstawa”, in Słownik języka polskiego‎ (in Polish), volume 4, Warsaw, page 419