postojati

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Serbo-Croatian

Etymology

po- +‎ stojati (old form of modern stàjati : stòjīm "to stand") with lengthening of the prefix syllable and subsequent accent shift (po- + stòjati > postòjati > póstojati) among some speakers due to the fact that prefixation does not entail perfectivization.[1]

The formation was possibly influenced by German bestehen.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /pǒːstojati/, /postǒjati/
  • Hyphenation: po‧sto‧ja‧ti

Verb

póstojati impf (Cyrillic spelling по́стојати)
postòjati impf (Cyrillic spelling посто̀јати)

  1. (intransitive) to be, exist
    Bog postoji - God exists

Conjugation

Conjugation of postojati
Infinitive: postojati Present verbal adverb: póstojēći Past verbal adverb: — Verbal noun: póstojānje
Number Singular Plural
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Verbal forms ja ti on / ona / ono mi vi oni / one / ona
Present póstojīm póstojīš póstojī póstojīmo póstojīte póstojē
Future Future I póstojat ću1
póstojaću 		póstojat ćeš1
póstojaćeš 		póstojat će1
póstojaće 		póstojat ćemo1
póstojaćemo 		póstojat ćete1
póstojaćete 		póstojat će1
póstojaće
Future II bȕdēm póstojao2 bȕdēš póstojao2 bȕdē póstojao2 bȕdēmo póstojali2 bȕdēte póstojali2 bȕdū póstojali2
Past Perfect póstojao sam2 póstojao si2 póstojao je2 póstojali smo2 póstojali ste2 póstojali su2
Pluperfect3 bȉo sam póstojao2 bȉo si póstojao2 bȉo je póstojao2 bíli smo póstojali2 bíli ste póstojali2 bíli su póstojali2
Imperfect póstojāh póstojāše póstojāše póstojāsmo póstojāste póstojāhu / póstojāhū
Conditional I póstojao bih2 póstojao bi2 póstojao bi2 póstojali bismo2 póstojali biste2 póstojali bi2
Conditional II4 bȉo bih póstojao2 bȉo bi póstojao2 bȉo bi póstojao2 bíli bismo póstojali2 bíli biste póstojali2 bíli bi póstojali2
Imperative — (póstōj / póstoji) — (póstōjmo / póstojimo) (póstōjte / póstojite) —
Active past participle póstojao m / póstojala f / póstojalo n póstojali m / póstojale f / póstojala n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.

4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

Conjugation of postojati
Infinitive: postojati Present verbal adverb: postòjēći Past verbal adverb: — Verbal noun: postojánje
Number Singular Plural
Person 1st 2nd 3rd 1st 2nd 3rd
Verbal forms ja ti on / ona / ono mi vi oni / one / ona
Present postòjim postòjiš postòji postòjimo postòjite postòjē
Future Future I postòjat ću1
postòjaću 		postòjat ćeš1
postòjaćeš 		postòjat će1
postòjaće 		postòjat ćemo1
postòjaćemo 		postòjat ćete1
postòjaćete 		postòjat će1
postòjaće
Future II bȕdēm pȍstojao2 bȕdēš pȍstojao2 bȕdē pȍstojao2 bȕdēmo pȍstojali2 bȕdēte pȍstojali2 bȕdū pȍstojali2
Past Perfect pȍstojao sam2 pȍstojao si2 pȍstojao je2 pȍstojali smo2 pȍstojali ste2 pȍstojali su2
Pluperfect3 bȉo sam pȍstojao2 bȉo si pȍstojao2 bȉo je pȍstojao2 bíli smo pȍstojali2 bíli ste pȍstojali2 bíli su pȍstojali2
Imperfect postòjāh postòjāše postòjāše postòjāsmo postòjāste postòjāhū
Conditional I pȍstojao bih2 pȍstojao bi2 pȍstojao bi2 pȍstojali bismo2 pȍstojali biste2 pȍstojali bi2
Conditional II4 bȉo bih pȍstojao2 bȉo bi pȍstojao2 bȉo bi pȍstojao2 bíli bismo pȍstojali2 bíli biste pȍstojali2 bíli bi pȍstojali2
Imperative — postòji — postòjimo postòjite —
Active past participle pȍstojao m / pȍstojala f / pȍstojalo n pȍstojali m / pȍstojale f / pȍstojala n
1   Croatian spelling: others omit the infinitive suffix completely and bind the clitic.
2   For masculine nouns; a feminine or neuter agent would use the feminine and neuter gender forms of the active past participle and auxiliary verb, respectively.
3   Often replaced by the past perfect in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.

4   Often replaced by the conditional I in colloquial speech, i.e. the auxiliary verb biti (to be) is routinely dropped.
  *Note: The aorist and imperfect were not present in, or have nowadays fallen into disuse in, many dialects and therefore they are routinely replaced by the past perfect in both formal and colloquial speech.

References

  1. ^ Ebert 2017

Ebert, Klaus (2017): L'accentuation des verbes préverbés d'aspect imperfectif en BCMS (bosnien, croate, monténégrin, serbe)

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