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Latin
Alternative forms
Etymology
From prae- + sum.
Pronunciation
Verb
praesum (present infinitive praeesse, perfect active praefuī, future participle praefutūrus); irregular conjugation, irregular, no passive, no supine stem except in the future active participle
- to be before something
- to preside or rule over
- Synonym: cūrō
- to lead, take the lead
- to command, have command, be in command of, have charge of, be in charge of (with dative of the thing or person being commanded)
- classi/exercitui praeesse ― to command a navy/army
27 BCE – 25 BCE,
Titus Livius,
Ab Urbe Condita 26.1:
- Si supplemento opus esset, suppleret de legionibus quibus P. Cornelius pro praetore in Sicilia praeesset,
- If reinforcements were needed, he should supply them with the legions which Publius Cornelius, propraetor, was in charge of in Sicily,
Conjugation
Note: This verb takes a dative object.
Conjugation of praesum (highly irregular, suppletive, no supine stem except in the future active participle, active only)
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indicative
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singular
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plural
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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active
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present
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praesum
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praees
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praeest
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praesumus
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praeestis
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praesunt
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imperfect
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praeeram
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praeerās
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praeerat
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praeerāmus
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praeerātis
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praeerant
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future
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praeerō
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praeeris, praeere
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praeerit
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praeerimus
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praeeritis
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praeerunt
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perfect
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praefuī
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praefuistī
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praefuit
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praefuimus
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praefuistis
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praefuērunt, praefuēre
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pluperfect
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praefueram
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praefuerās
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praefuerat
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praefuerāmus
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praefuerātis
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praefuerant
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future perfect
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praefuerō
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praefueris
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praefuerit
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praefuerimus
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praefueritis
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praefuerint
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subjunctive
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singular
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plural
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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active
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present
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praesim
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praesīs
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praesit
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praesīmus
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praesītis
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praesint
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imperfect
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praeessem, praeforem
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praeessēs, praeforēs
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praeesset, praeforet
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praeessēmus, praeforēmus
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praeessētis, praeforētis
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praeessent, praeforent
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perfect
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praefuerim
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praefuerīs
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praefuerit
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praefuerīmus
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praefuerītis
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praefuerint
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pluperfect
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praefuissem
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praefuissēs
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praefuisset
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praefuissēmus
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praefuissētis
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praefuissent
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imperative
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singular
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plural
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first
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second
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third
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first
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second
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third
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active
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present
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—
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praees
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—
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—
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praeeste
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—
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future
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—
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praeestō
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praeestō
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—
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praeestōte
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praesuntō
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non-finite forms
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active
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passive
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present
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perfect
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future
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present
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perfect
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future
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infinitives
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praeesse
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praefuisse
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praefutūrum esse, praefore
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—
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—
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—
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participles
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praesēns
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—
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praefutūrus
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—
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—
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—
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Derived terms
References
- “praesum”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
- “praesum”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
- praesum in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette
- Carl Meißner; Henry William Auden (1894) Latin Phrase-Book, London: Macmillan and Co.
- to have the management of the state: rei publicae praeesse
- to perform official duties: munere fungi, muneri praeesse
- to be president of a court: iudicio praeesse
- to preside over an inquiry: quaestioni praeesse
- to be at the head of an army: praeesse exercitui
- to be commander-in-chief: imperii summae praeesse
- praesum in Enrico Olivetti, editor (2003-2024) Dizionario Latino, Olivetti Media Communication