pugio

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English

Reconstructed Roman pugio.

Etymology

From Latin pūgiō.

Noun

pugio (plural pugios)

  1. (historical) A dagger or poignard, especially the kind used by the Ancient Romans.
    • 1786, Francis Grose, A Treatise on Ancient Armour and Weapons, page 34:
      The Pugio or Dagger was used by the Romans, a species of that weapon called the Hand Seax was worn by the Saxons, with which they massacred the English on Salisbury Plain in 476.

Italian

Alternative forms

Etymology

Borrowed from Latin pūgiō.

Pronunciation

  • IPA(key): /ˈpu.d͡ʒo/
  • Rhymes: -udʒo
  • Hyphenation: pù‧gio

Noun

pugio m (plural pugi)

  1. pugio

Latin

Etymology

From Proto-Indo-European *pewǵ-, same source as Ancient Greek πυγμή (pugmḗ, fist).

Pronunciation

Noun

pūgiō m (genitive pūgiōnis); third declension

  1. a dagger
    • c. 100 CE – 110 CE, Tacitus, Histories 4.29:
      multōs in moenia ēgressōs pūgiōnibus fodere.
      Many, who had struggled on to the walls, with their daggers they stabbed.
    • 86 CE – 103 CE, Martial, Epigrammata 14.33:
      Pūgio, quem curvā signat brevis orbita vēnā,
      strīdentem gelidīs hunc Salo tīnxit aquīs.

Declension

Third-declension noun.

singular plural
nominative pūgiō pūgiōnēs
genitive pūgiōnis pūgiōnum
dative pūgiōnī pūgiōnibus
accusative pūgiōnem pūgiōnēs
ablative pūgiōne pūgiōnibus
vocative pūgiō pūgiōnēs

Derived terms

Descendants

  • English: pugio (learned)
  • Italian: pugio, pugione (rare, archaic) (learned)
  • Hebrew: פגיון (pigyón) (learned)

References

  • pugio”, in Charlton T. Lewis and Charles Short (1879) A Latin Dictionary, Oxford: Clarendon Press
  • pugio”, in Charlton T. Lewis (1891) An Elementary Latin Dictionary, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • pugio in Charles du Fresne du Cange’s Glossarium Mediæ et Infimæ Latinitatis (augmented edition with additions by D. P. Carpenterius, Adelungius and others, edited by Léopold Favre, 1883–1887)
  • pugio in Gaffiot, Félix (1934) Dictionnaire illustré latin-français, Hachette.
  • pugio”, in Harry Thurston Peck, editor (1898), Harper's Dictionary of Classical Antiquities, New York: Harper & Brothers
  • pugio”, in William Smith et al., editor (1890), A Dictionary of Greek and Roman Antiquities, London: William Wayte. G. E. Marindin