From Proto-Finnic *punoidak. Cognates include Finnish punoa and Estonian punuda.
punnoa
Conjugation of punnoa (type 1/ampua, no gradation, gemination) | |||||
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Indikativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | punon | en puno | 1st singular | oon punont, oon punonut | en oo punont, en oo punonut |
2nd singular | punot | et puno | 2nd singular | oot punont, oot punonut | et oo punont, et oo punonut |
3rd singular | punnoo | ei puno | 3rd singular | ono punont, ono punonut | ei oo punont, ei oo punonut |
1st plural | punomma | emmä puno | 1st plural | oomma punoneet | emmä oo punoneet |
2nd plural | punotta | että puno | 2nd plural | ootta punoneet | että oo punoneet |
3rd plural | punnoot1), punovat2), punotaa | evät puno, ei punota | 3rd plural | ovat punoneet | evät oo punoneet, ei oo punottu |
impersonal | punotaa | ei punota | impersonal | ono punottu | ei oo punottu |
Imperfekta | Pluskvamperfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | punoin | en punont, en punonut | 1st singular | olin punont, olin punonut | en olt punont, en olt punonut |
2nd singular | punoit | et punont, et punonut | 2nd singular | olit punont, olit punonut | et olt punont, et olt punonut |
3rd singular | punoi | ei punont, ei punonut | 3rd singular | oli punont, oli punonut | ei olt punont, ei olt punonut |
1st plural | punoimma | emmä punoneet | 1st plural | olimma punoneet | emmä olleet punoneet |
2nd plural | punoitta | että punoneet | 2nd plural | olitta punoneet | että olleet punoneet |
3rd plural | punnoit1), punoivat2), punottii | evät punoneet, ei punottu | 3rd plural | olivat punoneet | evät olleet punoneet, ei olt punottu |
impersonal | punottii | ei punottu | impersonal | oli punottu | ei olt punottu |
Konditsionala | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | punoisin | en punois | 1st singular | olisin punont, olisin punonut | en olis punont, en olis punonut |
2nd singular | punoisit, punnoist1) | et punois | 2nd singular | olisit punont, olisit punonut | et olis punont, et olis punonut |
3rd singular | punois | ei punois | 3rd singular | olis punont, olis punonut | ei olis punont, ei olis punonut |
1st plural | punoisimma | emmä punois | 1st plural | olisimma punoneet | emmä olis punoneet |
2nd plural | punoisitta | että punois | 2nd plural | olisitta punoneet | että olis punoneet |
3rd plural | punoisiit1), punoisivat2), punottais | evät punois, ei punottais | 3rd plural | olisivat punoneet | evät olis punoneet, ei olis punottu |
impersonal | punottais | ei punottais | impersonal | olis punottu | ei olis punottu |
Imperativa | |||||
Preesens | Perfekta | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | — | — | 1st singular | — | — |
2nd singular | puno | elä puno | 2nd singular | oo punont, oo punonut | elä oo punont, elä oo punonut |
3rd singular | punokoo | elköö punoko | 3rd singular | olkoo punont, olkoo punonut | elköö olko punont, elköö olko punonut |
1st plural | — | — | 1st plural | — | — |
2nd plural | punokaa | elkää punoko | 2nd plural | olkaa punoneet | elkää olko punoneet |
3rd plural | punokoot | elkööt punoko, elköö punottako | 3rd plural | olkoot punoneet | elkööt olko punoneet, elköö olko punottu |
impersonal | punottakkoo | elköö punottako | impersonal | olkoo punottu | elköö olko punottu |
Potentsiala | |||||
Preesens | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | punonen | en punone | |||
2nd singular | punonet | et punone | |||
3rd singular | punonoo | ei punone | |||
1st plural | punonemma | emmä punone | |||
2nd plural | punonetta | että punone | |||
3rd plural | punonoot | evät punone, ei punottane | |||
impersonal | punottannoo | ei punottane | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitivat | Partisipat | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | punnoa | present | punova | punottava | |
2nd | inessive | punojees | past | punont, punonut | punottu |
instructive | punnoen | 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect. 2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect. *) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (punokaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well. **) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative ***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential ****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition. | |||
3rd | illative | punomaa | |||
inessive | punomaas | ||||
elative | punomast | ||||
abessive | punomata | ||||
4th | nominative | punomiin | |||
partitive | punomista, punomist |
From Proto-Finnic *punodak.
punnoa
Conjugation of punnoa (type II-1/kuttsua, no gradation, gemination) | |||||
---|---|---|---|---|---|
Indicative | |||||
Present | Perfect | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | punon | en puno | 1st singular | õõn punonnu | en õõ punonnu |
2nd singular | punod | ed puno | 2nd singular | õõd punonnu | ed õõ punonnu |
3rd singular | punob | eb puno | 3rd singular | on punonnu | eb õõ punonnu |
1st plural | punommõ | emmä puno | 1st plural | õõmmõ punonnu | emmä õõ punonnu |
2nd plural | punottõ | että puno | 2nd plural | õõttõ punonnu | että õõ punonnu |
3rd plural | punota | eväd puno | 3rd plural | õlla punottu | eväd õõ punottu |
impersonal | punota | eväd puno | impersonal | õlla punottu | eväd õõ punottu |
Imperfect | Pluperfect | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | punozin | en punonnu | 1st singular | õlin punonnu | — |
2nd singular | punozid | ed punonnu | 2nd singular | õlid punonnu | — |
3rd singular | puno | eb punonnu | 3rd singular | õli punonnu | — |
1st plural | punozimmõ | emmä punonnu | 1st plural | õlimmõ punonnu | — |
2nd plural | punozittõ | että punonnu | 2nd plural | õlittõ punonnu | — |
3rd plural | punotti | eväd punottu | 3rd plural | õlti punottu | — |
impersonal | punotti | eväd punottu | impersonal | õlti punottu | — |
Conditional | |||||
Present | Perfect | ||||
positive | negative | positive | negative | ||
1st singular | punoizin | en punoizʹ | 1st singular | õllõizin punonnu | en õllõizʹ punonnu |
2nd singular | punoizid | ed punoizʹ | 2nd singular | õllõizid punonnu | ed õllõizʹ punonnu |
3rd singular | punoizʹ | eb punoizʹ | 3rd singular | õllõizʹ punonnu | eb õllõizʹ punonnu |
1st plural | punoizimmõ | emmä punoizʹ | 1st plural | õllõizimmõ punonnu | emmä õllõizʹ punonnu |
2nd plural | punoizittõ | että punoizʹ | 2nd plural | õllõizittõ punonnu | että õllõizʹ punonnu |
3rd plural | punottaizʹ | eväd punottaizʹ | 3rd plural | õltaizʹ punottu | eväd õltaizʹ punottu |
impersonal | punottaizʹ | eväd punottaizʹ | impersonal | õltaizʹ punottu | eväd õltaizʹ punottu |
Imperative | |||||
Present | |||||
positive | negative | ||||
1st singular | — | — | |||
2nd singular | puno | elä puno | |||
3rd singular | punogo | elko punogo | |||
1st plural | — | — | |||
2nd plural | punoga | elka punoga | |||
3rd plural | punogod | — | |||
impersonal | — | — | |||
Nominal forms | |||||
Infinitives | Participles | ||||
active | passive | ||||
1st | punnoa | present | punojõ1) | — | |
2nd | illative | punoma | past | punonnu | punottu |
inessive | punomõz | 1) also used as the agent noun | |||
elative | punomõssõ | ||||
abessive | punomõttõ |