puristaa

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Finnish

Etymology

purista +‎ -taa, with the sense probably influenced by the similar-sounding pusertaa. Cognates include Karelian puristoa.

Pronunciation

Verb

puristaa

  1. to press; to clasp, grasp, grip, squeeze, shake, clench, flatten, squash (to apply pressure)
    puristaa kädessä ― to grasp, clasp, squeeze
    puristaa käsiä ― to squeeze/shake hands
    puristaa hampaat yhteen ― to clench one's teeth
  2. to compress (to press together into a smaller space)
  3. to flatten (to make flat by applying pressure)
  4. to rub, pinch (of shoes, to be too tight)
  5. to constrict (of a collar, to be too tight)
  6. to wring (to obtain by force)

Conjugation

Inflection of puristaa (Kotus type 53/muistaa, no gradation)
indicative mood
present tense perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. puristan en purista 1st sing. olen puristanut en ole puristanut
2nd sing. puristat et purista 2nd sing. olet puristanut et ole puristanut
3rd sing. puristaa ei purista 3rd sing. on puristanut ei ole puristanut
1st plur. puristamme emme purista 1st plur. olemme puristaneet emme ole puristaneet
2nd plur. puristatte ette purista 2nd plur. olette puristaneet ette ole puristaneet
3rd plur. puristavat eivät purista 3rd plur. ovat puristaneet eivät ole puristaneet
passive puristetaan ei puristeta passive on puristettu ei ole puristettu
past tense pluperfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. puristin en puristanut 1st sing. olin puristanut en ollut puristanut
2nd sing. puristit et puristanut 2nd sing. olit puristanut et ollut puristanut
3rd sing. puristi ei puristanut 3rd sing. oli puristanut ei ollut puristanut
1st plur. puristimme emme puristaneet 1st plur. olimme puristaneet emme olleet puristaneet
2nd plur. puristitte ette puristaneet 2nd plur. olitte puristaneet ette olleet puristaneet
3rd plur. puristivat eivät puristaneet 3rd plur. olivat puristaneet eivät olleet puristaneet
passive puristettiin ei puristettu passive oli puristettu ei ollut puristettu
conditional mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. puristaisin en puristaisi 1st sing. olisin puristanut en olisi puristanut
2nd sing. puristaisit et puristaisi 2nd sing. olisit puristanut et olisi puristanut
3rd sing. puristaisi ei puristaisi 3rd sing. olisi puristanut ei olisi puristanut
1st plur. puristaisimme emme puristaisi 1st plur. olisimme puristaneet emme olisi puristaneet
2nd plur. puristaisitte ette puristaisi 2nd plur. olisitte puristaneet ette olisi puristaneet
3rd plur. puristaisivat eivät puristaisi 3rd plur. olisivat puristaneet eivät olisi puristaneet
passive puristettaisiin ei puristettaisi passive olisi puristettu ei olisi puristettu
imperative mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. — — 1st sing. — —
2nd sing. purista älä purista 2nd sing. — —
3rd sing. puristakoon älköön puristako 3rd sing. olkoon puristanut älköön olko puristanut
1st plur. puristakaamme älkäämme puristako 1st plur. — —
2nd plur. puristakaa älkää puristako 2nd plur. — —
3rd plur. puristakoot älkööt puristako 3rd plur. olkoot puristaneet älkööt olko puristaneet
passive puristettakoon älköön puristettako passive olkoon puristettu älköön olko puristettu
potential mood
present perfect
person positive negative person positive negative
1st sing. puristanen en puristane 1st sing. lienen puristanut en liene puristanut
2nd sing. puristanet et puristane 2nd sing. lienet puristanut et liene puristanut
3rd sing. puristanee ei puristane 3rd sing. lienee puristanut ei liene puristanut
1st plur. puristanemme emme puristane 1st plur. lienemme puristaneet emme liene puristaneet
2nd plur. puristanette ette puristane 2nd plur. lienette puristaneet ette liene puristaneet
3rd plur. puristanevat eivät puristane 3rd plur. lienevät puristaneet eivät liene puristaneet
passive puristettaneen ei puristettane passive lienee puristettu ei liene puristettu
Nominal forms
infinitives participles
active passive active passive
1st puristaa present puristava puristettava
long 1st1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st puristaakseni puristaaksemme
2nd puristaaksesi puristaaksenne
3rd puristaakseen
puristaaksensa
past puristanut puristettu
2nd inessive2 puristaessa puristettaessa agent4 puristama
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st puristaessani puristaessamme
2nd puristaessasi puristaessanne
3rd puristaessaan
puristaessansa
negative puristamaton
instructive puristaen —
1) Used only with a possessive suffix.

2) Usually with a possessive suffix (active only).
3) Some uses of the verbal noun are called the 'fourth infinitive' by certain sources (more details).
4) Usually with a possessive suffix. May not be used with all verbs, especially intransitive ones (more details). Distinct from nouns with the -ma suffix and third infinitive forms.

* The third-person singular indicative form puristaa does not exhibit final gemination,
unlike the first infinitive (the lemma form), even though they are spelled identically.
3rd inessive puristamassa —
elative puristamasta —
illative puristamaan —
adessive puristamalla —
abessive puristamatta —
instructive puristaman puristettaman
4th3 verbal noun puristaminen
5th1
Possessive forms
Person sing. plur.
1st puristamaisillani puristamaisillamme
2nd puristamaisillasi puristamaisillanne
3rd puristamaisillaan
puristamaisillansa

Derived terms

adjectives
nouns
verbs
compounds

Further reading

Anagrams

Ingrian

Etymology

From Proto-Finnic *puristadak. Cognates include Finnish puristaa and Estonian puristada.

Pronunciation

Verb

puristaa

  1. (transitive) to squeeze

Conjugation

Conjugation of puristaa (type 2/kirjuttaa, st-ss gradation)
Indikativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular purissan en purissa 1st singular oon puristant, oon puristanut en oo puristant, en oo puristanut
2nd singular purissat et purissa 2nd singular oot puristant, oot puristanut et oo puristant, et oo puristanut
3rd singular puristaa ei purissa 3rd singular ono puristant, ono puristanut ei oo puristant, ei oo puristanut
1st plural purissamma emmä purissa 1st plural oomma puristanneet emmä oo puristanneet
2nd plural purissatta että purissa 2nd plural ootta puristanneet että oo puristanneet
3rd plural puristaat1), puristavat2), purissettaa evät purissa, ei purisseta 3rd plural ovat puristanneet evät oo puristanneet, ei oo purissettu
impersonal purissettaa ei purisseta impersonal ono purissettu ei oo purissettu
Imperfekta Pluskvamperfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular purissin en puristant, en puristanut 1st singular olin puristant, olin puristanut en olt puristant, en olt puristanut
2nd singular purissit et puristant, et puristanut 2nd singular olit puristant, olit puristanut et olt puristant, et olt puristanut
3rd singular puristi ei puristant, ei puristanut 3rd singular oli puristant, oli puristanut ei olt puristant, ei olt puristanut
1st plural purissimma emmä puristanneet 1st plural olimma puristanneet emmä olleet puristanneet
2nd plural purissitta että puristanneet 2nd plural olitta puristanneet että olleet puristanneet
3rd plural puristiit1), puristivat2), purissettii evät puristanneet, ei purissettu 3rd plural olivat puristanneet evät olleet puristanneet, ei olt purissettu
impersonal purissettii ei purissettu impersonal oli purissettu ei olt purissettu
Konditsionala
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular puristaisin en puristais 1st singular olisin puristant, olisin puristanut en olis puristant, en olis puristanut
2nd singular puristaisit, puristaist1) et puristais 2nd singular olisit puristant, olisit puristanut et olis puristant, et olis puristanut
3rd singular puristais ei puristais 3rd singular olis puristant, olis puristanut ei olis puristant, ei olis puristanut
1st plural puristaisimma emmä puristais 1st plural olisimma puristanneet emmä olis puristanneet
2nd plural puristaisitta että puristais 2nd plural olisitta puristanneet että olis puristanneet
3rd plural puristaisiit1), puristaisivat2), purissettais evät puristais, ei purissettais 3rd plural olisivat puristanneet evät olis puristanneet, ei olis purissettu
impersonal purissettais ei purissettais impersonal olis purissettu ei olis purissettu
Imperativa
Preesens Perfekta
positive negative positive negative
1st singular — — 1st singular — —
2nd singular purissa elä purissa 2nd singular oo puristant, oo puristanut elä oo puristant, elä oo puristanut
3rd singular puristakkoo elköö puristako 3rd singular olkoo puristant, olkoo puristanut elköö olko puristant, elköö olko puristanut
1st plural — — 1st plural — —
2nd plural puristakkaa elkää puristako 2nd plural olkaa puristanneet elkää olko puristanneet
3rd plural puristakkoot elkööt puristako, elköö purissettako 3rd plural olkoot puristanneet elkööt olko puristanneet, elköö olko purissettu
impersonal purissettakoo elköö purissettako impersonal olkoo purissettu elköö olko purissettu
Potentsiala
Preesens
positive negative
1st singular puristanen en puristane
2nd singular puristanet et puristane
3rd singular puristannoo ei puristane
1st plural puristanemma emmä puristane
2nd plural puristanetta että puristane
3rd plural puristannoot evät puristane, ei purissettane
impersonal purissettanoo ei purissettane
Nominal forms
Infinitivat Partisipat
active passive
1st puristaa present puristava purissettava
2nd inessive puristaes past puristant, puristanut purissettu
instructive puristaen 1) Chiefly in the Soikkola dialect.
2) Chiefly in the Ala-Laukaa dialect.
*) For the imperative, the 2nd plural (puristakkaa) may be used for the 3rd person as well.
**) The interrogative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) to the indicative
***) The deliberative is formed by adding the suffix -k (-ka?/-kä?) or -kse to either the indicative or the potential
****) In folk poetry, a long first infinitive can be formed by adding the suffix -kse-, followed by possessive suffixes, to the first infinitive. Note that sometimes gemination may be undone by this addition.
3rd illative puristammaa
inessive puristamas
elative puristamast
abessive puristamata
4th nominative puristamiin
partitive puristamista, puristamist

Synonyms

Derived terms

References

  • Ruben E. Nirvi (1971) Inkeroismurteiden Sanakirja, Helsinki: Suomalais-Ugrilainen Seura, page 442
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